Smokeless tobacco and areca nut: Fight nicotine addiction to stay away from oral cancer

The Hidden Dangers of Smokeless Tobacco and Areca Nut Use

Smokeless tobacco and areca nut, commonly consumed in forms such as betel quid and gutka, are deeply ingrained in the daily routines of many individuals. However, the long-term health risks associated with their use are alarming. From mouth sores to oral cancer, these substances can severely damage the body. Dr. D. Pooja Babbar, Consultant in Medical Oncology at CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram, shares insights into how smokeless tobacco and areca nut harm the body.

Early Symptoms to Watch Out For

The use of smokeless tobacco and areca nut can cause a variety of symptoms that should not be ignored. Persistent mouth sores, gum problems, or difficulty swallowing are common signs that something may be wrong. Additionally, if you find it hard to quit chewing or feel irritable without it, these may be early signs of nicotine addiction, which is a frequent outcome of smokeless tobacco consumption.

Oral Cancer Warning Signs
According to Dr. Babbar, a sore throat or trouble speaking could be early indicators of oral cancer, a serious risk linked to long-term smokeless tobacco and areca nut use. "A recent study in The Lancet Oncology revealed that India has the highest rates of oral cancer worldwide, with smokeless tobacco and areca nut consumption being key contributors to this alarming statistic," she says.

7 Ways Smokeless Tobacco and Areca Nut Harm the Body

1. Oral Cancer
Both smokeless tobacco and areca nut contain carcinogens that significantly raise the risk of developing cancers in the mouth, tongue, and throat. Long-term use leads to abnormal tissue growth and cancerous cell mutations, often resulting in oral cancer.


2. Gum Diseases and Tooth Loss
The abrasive texture of areca nuts, combined with the harsh chemicals in smokeless tobacco, can damage soft tissues in the mouth. This leads to gum recession, periodontitis (inflammation of the gums), and eventual tooth loss.


3. Addiction and Nicotine Dependence
Smokeless tobacco contains high levels of nicotine, which alters brain chemistry and leads to strong addiction. This dependence makes quitting incredibly difficult and triggers withdrawal symptoms when users try to stop.


4. Heart Diseases
Regular use of smokeless tobacco increases blood pressure and heart rate, putting additional stress on the cardiovascular system. Over time, this can lead to heart disease, stroke, and hypertension.


5. Gastrointestinal Disorders
The combination of areca nut and smokeless tobacco irritates the digestive tract, potentially causing ulcers, acid reflux, indigestion, and other gastrointestinal problems. These long-term issues can be debilitating and difficult to manage.


6. Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF)
One of the most severe side effects of consuming areca nut is oral submucous fibrosis, a condition in which the soft tissues in the mouth become stiff, making it difficult to open the mouth or eat. OSMF can progress to cancer if left untreated.


7. Increased Risk of Lung Cancer
Even though smokeless tobacco is not inhaled, it still contains harmful carcinogens like nitrosamines. These substances enter the bloodstream and can increase the risk of lung cancer, even in individuals who do not smoke.



Conclusion

The dangers of smokeless tobacco and areca nut use cannot be overstated. From oral cancer to heart disease, the risks associated with these substances are severe and often irreversible. While quitting can be difficult due to nicotine addiction, it is crucial to recognize the long-term harm these habits can cause. If you experience any of the warning signs mentioned above, it is essential to seek medical advice as soon as possible. Prevention is always better than cure, and making informed decisions about tobacco and areca nut consumption is vital for long-term health.

Disclaimer: This article provides general health information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for specific concerns and diagnoses.