Explore the earth.

In order to make atomic bombs and develop the nuclear industry, we cannot do without uranium resources.

At that time, the premise for the Soviet Union to assist China's nuclear industry was very clear, and China must have a certain amount of uranium reserves.

Otherwise, the follow-up cooperation and negotiations will be a pipe dream.

In 1953, the central government decided to hire uranium geological experts from the Soviet Union to guide China's uranium exploration; in the winter of 1954, the second Office (referred to as the second Office of the General Committee of the Ministry of Geology) was set up within the General Survey Commission of the Ministry of Geology. began to prepare for the exploration of uranium resources in China.

Uranium in the periodic table of elements.

In order to quickly establish a uranium geological team, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council successively issued a circular, transferring nearly 500 management cadres and professional and technical cadres from the central ministries and commissions and provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, and more than 500 radio communicators from the Chinese people's volunteers returning from the War of Resistance to resist US aggression and Aid Korea, and soon formed a 309 uranium geological exploration team in Changsha City, Hunan Province.

A May 19th team was formed in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region.

After 1956, teams were assembled one after another to set up 182 uranium geological exploration teams in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 209 teams in Chongqing, Sichuan Province, 406 teams in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, and 608 teams in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province.

In June 1959, the Institute of uranium Geology was established in Beijing.

Since then, regular and orderly uranium exploration has begun in China.

The Discovery History of the Stone of opening.

Uranium minerals were discovered relatively late in China, which began in the 1930s.

In 1934, geologist Zhang Dingzhao used spectrophotometry to identify the presence of uranium in tungsten, tin, bismuth, molybdenum and other ores in southern Jiangxi.

In 1938, geologist Zhang Gengsheng mined monazite, thorium and other minerals in alluvial sand in Fuhezhong area of Guangxi.

In May 1943, Nan Yanzong of the former Institute of Geology of Academia Sinica and Tian Yuqi of the Tin Industry Management Office of the former Resources Commission discovered uranium-bearing minerals in Huang Qiangping, Zhongshan, Guangxi.

This is the first time that uranium-bearing minerals have been discovered in China.

The Stone of opening.

In August of the same year, they followed Li Siguang, a famous geologist and director of the Institute of Geology of the Academia Sinica of the Republic of China, on their way to Huangqiangping, Fuzhong County, to review the uranium deposit again. It is found that the uranium-bearing minerals here grow along the fault plane in a tungsten-tin pegmatite granite vein.

This is the first time that uranium ore has been discovered in China.

According to Nan Yanzong's discovery, in 1954, technicians from the Ministry of Geology and Soviet experts collected China's first uranium ore in Huashan Township, Fuzhong County.

The ore is now preserved in the Beijing Institute of Geology of the China National Nuclear Industry Corporation and is known as the "opening stone" of the nuclear cause of the Republic.

Unveiled in Zhongnanhai.

Information about the discovery of uranium ore in Guangxi quickly spread to Zhongnanhai, and Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai demanded an immediate report.

On the afternoon of January 14, 1955, Premier Zhou invited geologist and Minister of Geology Li Siguang and nuclear physicist Qian Sanqiang to the Xihua Hall of Zhongnanhai, as well as Bo Yibo, director of the third Office of the State Council, and Liu Jie, vice minister of geology.

Premier Zhou first asked Li Siguang to talk about domestic uranium resources, and then asked Qian Sanqiang to talk about the research of atomic energy science and technology, the basic principles of nuclear reactors and atomic bombs, and then told them: "Chairman Mao and other central leaders will listen to the situation in this respect tomorrow. You should be prepared, concise and to the point, and you can bring some uranium ore and simple instruments to do some on-site demonstration."

In the evening, Premier Zhou personally wrote a report to Chairman Mao:

Notes on the report written by Premier Zhou Enlai to Chairman Mao Zedong.

Chairman:

Li Siguang and Qian Sanqiang have talked with each other this afternoon, and comrades Yibo and Liu Jie attended.

We talked for a long time, and Li Siguang left first because of his toothache, so it was impossible to continue the conversation tonight.

I am sending you the relevant documents. Please read them first.

It is best to talk about Li Siguang and Qian Sanqiang after 03:00 tomorrow (15th). In addition to the Secretariat, Peng, Peng, Deng, Fuchun, Yibo and Liu Jie can all attend.

Before 03:00 in the afternoon, Li Siguang took a nap.

At night, Li Siguang's body could not support it.

I would like to ask the President to let me know when he gets up tomorrow. I can report what I have talked about today in an hour first, so as to save some time.

Zhou Enlai.

Fourteen nights.

When they talk tomorrow afternoon, they can bring instruments to facilitate explanation.

"our country now knows that there are uranium deposits, and further exploration will certainly find more uranium deposits.

Since liberation, we have also trained some people, laid a certain foundation for scientific research and created certain conditions.

There have been so many other things in the past few years that it is too late to grasp this matter.

This is always something to catch.

Now it's time to catch.

As long as we put it on the schedule and grasp it carefully, we will certainly be able to do it. "

"what do you think?" Mao Zedong looked at everyone and then stressed: "now that the Soviet Union is providing assistance to us, we must do a good job.

If we do it ourselves, we will certainly be able to do it well.

As long as we have people and resources, we can create any miracle. "

This is a top secret meeting to create China's nuclear industry and a historic decision made by the CPC Central Committee for the development of atomic energy in New China.

unknown hero.

Uranium ore.

The discovery of uranium, the "opening stone", is of great significance to the history of China's nuclear industry and even the history of China's development.

First, it confirms the existence of China's uranium mines, greatly boosts morale and shows everyone the hope of China's nuclear industry.

Second, the discovery supported the country's leaders to make the right decision quickly, and the national uranium exploration began.

Lop Nur.

In a very short time from 1957 to 1958, geologists submitted the first batch of uranium deposits available for mining, such as Pu Kuitang, Daladi, Kengkou, Jinyinzhai, and Wangjiachong, which provided the most direct raw material for the explosion of the first atomic bomb and laid the foundation for the successful launch of "two bombs and one satellite."

In addition, in the era of relatively turbulent international and domestic situation at that time, China's nuclear cause trained a large number of outstanding talents and reserved a large number of talents for Chinese Dream, who built a nuclear energy power and realized the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station