What is psychology?introduction to psychology

• Introduction to pyschology
  

Psychology is a science of behaviour including a person,s behaviour and his mental processes. As a science psychology share goals and scientific method with others sciences such as biology, chemistry etc. Psychologist begin with a body of knowledge and then proceed to they use a variety of methods for this purpose. These research methods allow them to reach the goals of description, explanation, prediction and control.
Description

Understanding human behaviour must begin with careful description of how people think, feel and act in specific situation. Description is important in any science. It helps psychologist to understand basic pattern of behaviour. Yes collect this descriptive data as objectively as they can. Description of behaviour allows them to develop theories are assumptions about behaviour.
Explanation
Describing human behaviour is not enough. We also want to know why it happens that is we want to explain. Psychologist conduct studies to explain different aspects of behaviour.
Prediction
Psychologist often make predictions about behaviour. These are based on description and explanation of behaviour they have obtained. For example psychologist have described many solutions where people exhibit certain behaviour in order to receive rewards. After observing that rewards encoverage people to modify they are behaviour, you might develop a theory predicting that people would increase a particular behaviour if rewarded. Then you could test this prediction by making further observation.
After verifying prediction, psychologist can control to certain extent.
Once you conclude that the frequency of a given behaviour increases after rewards, you are a position to control behaviour.

Control and Modification of behaviour

After conducting use for the research psychologist suggest how we can our come our weakness so that we may control over our actions. The ultimate m of psychology is to understand, describe, explain and control behaviour. Psychology is the science of behaviour and mental processes.

Psychologist study easily observable behaviours, mental processes and physiological reaction in human beings and animals. They utilize the scientific method of research in which hypotheses are tested. Is interpreted and result are concluded.
The American psychological association has numerous division that represent the different sub fields and interest areas in psychology. Some of the subfields include clinical, counseling, educational, social, industrial, development and experimental psychology.Clinical psychologists evaluate mental and emotional problems and treat patients who have behaviour problems.
Counseling psychologists may help high school students choose a career.Educational psychologists work in schools and conduct research on learning and methods of education. Social psychologists focus on how people influence other in areas such as attitude, aggression and prejudice. Industrial psychologists consult with management to improve employee satisfaction and developing training programs. Developmental psychologists study the different stages of a person from conception to death. Experimental psychologists conduct research on fundamental causes of behaviour.

Psychologists utilize a variety of methods to study behaviour.The important research methods include observational, survey, clinical, experimental and interviewing methods.
Psychologists have strict code of ethics while dealing with human or animals subjects. Researchers have responsibility of protecting subjects from mental and physical harm.

Thinking is cognitive process manipulating symbols and images stored in long term memory.Human thinking involves language.To some psychologists thinking is manipulating of symbols and images, while other require the use of language.It is now agreed that both of these are important tools of thinking.
Symbols stand for some event or item and have arbitrary meaning. Symbols take many forms. The most universal system of communicating with symbols, however, is a language in which word symbols are used in various combinations to convey meaning.
Mental images are represented in the mind and resemble the object or event being represented.These are not just visual representation our ability to ،،hear ,, a tune in our head also represents a ment image. In fact, it may be that every sensory modality produces corresponding mental images.
Concept is considered as tool of thinking.Concepts are categorizations of objects, events, or people who share common properties. By employing concepts, we are able to organize the complex phenomena into simple forms.

In short, psychology is the science of behaviour and mental processes. Cycle is study easily observable behaviour, mental processes and physiological reactions in human beings and animals. The ultimate aim of psychology is to understand behaviour. Psychologist seek to understand through four basic goals.
Description.
Explanation.
Prediction.
Control and modification of behaviour.

Moreover, scientists use a verity of research methods including observation, survey,tests, interview and experiments to achieve above goals.