Application of psychology/Careers of psychology? Scope of psychology

Application of psychology/ Career of psychology.
Scope of psychology

Psychology is made up of many sub fields, each with its on subject matter, theories and methods. Many people mistakenly believe that almost all psychologists analyse and treat abnormal behaviour. However the range and scope of psychology is much broader than this common misconception. Psychologists working in various fields which are following.

Clinical psychologist

Psychologists deal with the study, diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behaviour. They are trained to diagnose and treat problems ranging from everyday crises of life such as grief due to the death of a loved one to more extreme conditions such as loss of touch with reality. The explore the relationship between psychologycal factors and physical diseases. For example they are interested in how long term stress can affect physical health. In addition most clinical psychologists are trained to conduct research in emotional and behavioral problems such as mental illnesses, delinquency, mental retardation, alcoholism, marriage adjustment, and so on. They are mainly employed in mental hospitals, institution for mentally retarded.
In clination psychology aften 3 specialists work together.
Psychiatrist
Psychologist
Social worker.

Educational psychologists
Educational psychologists concerned with psychological problems relating to education improvement of teaching techniques, learning and motivational processes, ways of understanding intelligence, measurement of achievement, understanding teacher student interaction and so on. There jobs consists of testing and guiding student who needs special attention. Testing provides special information, which can be useful in the diagnosis and disposition of behaviour difficulties. For instance, student with a mild adjustment problem may be treated in a manner that amounts to psychotherapy. The educational psychologist is generally employed by college or university in teaching and research capacity. As for School psychologists. They are mainly devoted to elementary and secondary schools assessing children's academic, social and emotional problems and developing solution to such problems.
In short, educational psychologists are hired to study the effectiveness of textbooks, classroom organisation, and method of teaching and design of tests. Some educational psychologists conduct research on learning and method of education while teaching at college or university.

Experimental psychologists

Experimental psychologists are historically oldest specialists in the field. Beginning with the study of sensory processes, their area rapidly expanded to include research on perception, emotion, thinking, memory, motivation and learning. Today the experimental psychologist conduct research in virtually every field of psychology. According to one text, the present trend is to define experimental psychology not in terms of specific content areas but rather as a study of scientific methodology generally and of the methods of experimentation in particular. Currently experiment psychology can be divided into two sub fields. One is physiological psychology in which psychologist study the biological processes in animals while the other sub field is cognitive psychology in which psychologist conduct research on topics of perception, memory, thinking, problem solving etc.

Development psychologists
Development psychologists study how physical, social,emotional and cognitive changes occurs in human beings throughout the course of their lives childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. They are mainly concerned with three specific factors that interact to shape behaviour, heredity, maturation and socialization. Environmental also effects behaviour. Changes in behaviour occur rapidly in the early years of life, so the study of childrens behaviour comprises a large part of development psychology.

Industrial psychologists

Industrial Psychology is one of the fastest growing areas in the field. psychologists specialisation in this area are called to device special test for the selection and classification of personnel, to develop trainings programs, to increase job satisfaction of employees and to deal with moral problems. In fact the industrial psychologist son any problem in which human factors are involved. For instance, how healthy relation are established name the employer and employees are, how working hours be made more productive and rewarding. The industrial psychologist work with industrial, electrical and aeronautical engineers for designing new equipment.

Social psychologists
Social psychologists are concerned with the impact of groups and the products of culture upon individual behaviour. Prejudice, attitude, inter group relation fall within their area. The area is so broad that almost any topic of interest to other psychologists is also of interest to social psychologists. They may study the effect of social influences on the development of intelligence are with the effect of group influences in industrial settings. The the emphasis, as with other psychologists, is on the behaviour of individuals.

Counseling psychologists

Counselling psychologist generally work with the problems of adjustment in the normal person and more often with the younger individuals. Educational, emotional, vocational and social adjustment are typical concerns of the psychologists. More than colleges, almost every school is supposed to have a counselling centre where student may get advice about suitable jobs. Methods studying effectively and on strategies for resolving everyday difficulties. Counselling psychologist may help high school students choose a career, prisoner reforms, or discuss husband wife problems. They assess and treat people with behaviour problems, but usually refer them to clinical psychologist if a problem is too severe.
Environmental psychologists

Environmental psychologists are interested in discovering how the environment influences human behaviour.Holahan described these variables as pollution,noice, crowding and weather. Some psychologist consider environmental psychology a sub area of social psychology, whereas other view it as a unique and separate field of study.
Physiological psychologists

Closely related to experimental psychology is the smaller but rapidly growing area of physiological psychology. The physiological psychologists are mainly concerned with relationships between bodily processes and behaviour. For example conduct research and how the brain regulates various motivations, such as hunger and thirst. They are also interested in the effect of brain on perceptual learning and in the study of chemical processes underlying vision.