Git is a technique that allows for the management of multiple versions of data in a distributed manner. It keeps track of the several versions of the files. When programmers work together to develop software, they often utilize it to manage the source code.
Git was created to be fast, maintain the integrity of data, and manage operations that are dispersed and non-linear. This suggests that it is possible for hundreds of branches to be running simultaneously on various devices.
Git is a version control system that is distributed and preserves a local copy of the whole repository. This local copy is frequently called a "repo." This local copy may maintain track of history and versions, and it does not depend on a network connection or a central server, which distinguishes it from standard client-server systems. Every machine has a repository that is kept in a regular directory, along with extra hidden files that allow version control.
Git has capabilities that allow you to synchronize changes across repositories that have a shared history and have been cloned from one another. Git helps users to collaborate by enabling them to synchronize with repositories on workstations that are located far apart from one another. Even though all repositories with the same history are considered equal, developers often need a central server to host a repository so that they may maintain an integrated copy.
Git is a free, open-source software tool. It may be accessed under the GPL-2.0-only license.
Linus Torvalds was the first person to design Git, which was developed for version control when the Linux kernel was being produced.
The Software Freedom Conservancy has registered the trademark "Git," which means that it is formally recognized and is still being developed by the open-source community.
Today, Git is the de facto standard version control system. It is the most widely used distributed version control system as of 2022, with around 95% of developers reporting that it is their main version control system. Professional developers utilize it more than any other source-code management solution. GitHub, SourceForge, Bitbucket, and GitLab are a few examples of Git repository services that you may utilize.
In April 2005, Torvalds began developing Git. This happened when Linux lost its open license for BitKeeper, which had been used for Linux kernel development since 2002.
BitKeeper is a proprietary source-control management (SCM) solution.Andrew Tridgell developed SourcePuller by reverse engineering the BitKeeper protocols, as stated by Larry McVoy, who is the owner of the copyright for BitKeeper.
Mercurial is another version-control system that was developed as a consequence of the same occurrence.
Torvalds was looking for a distributed system that he could utilize in the same way that he used BitKeeper.
On the other hand, he was not able to find any open systems that would be suitable for him. He provided an example of a source-control management system that takes 30 seconds to apply a patch and update all the related information.
He pointed out that this would not be sufficient for Linux kernel development since it may be necessary to collaborate with other maintainers, which may need 250 of these processes to be performed simultaneously. He said that, based on the needs of his design, patching should not take more than three seconds. He also brought up three additional objectives that he was considering.
On April 3, 2005, the development of Git started. On April 6, Torvalds launched the initiative, and the following day, he began self-hosting. On April 18, the first fusion of many branches occurred.
Torvalds met his speed expectations. On April 29, the new Git was benchmarked, and it recorded fixes to the Linux kernel tree at a pace of 6.7 patches per second. On June 16, Git was responsible for the release of kernel 2.6.12.
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