More on Phobias and Others

More on Phobias will continue with Specific phobias when a specific object or situation that is experienced creates a panic attack when coming in contact. These are usually irrational fears. These usually come in 'groupings' such as animals, natural environmental occurences that are situational. Examples of animals are from dogs, cats, snakes; floods, tornados, hurricanes and even cars, planes in going places. Other phobias include fear of blood and injections and other injuries that could happen if one would faint. There are others that are too many to figure out a reason why. There are also many psychodynamic reasons for phobias to numerous for this article to mention.

Moving on to the theories of Classical and Operant conditioning in dealing with various phobias using negative reinforcement for the fear and avoid the phobia. It feels better to reduce the anxiety but difficult to make the anxiety extinct. NC moves to the UC and then CR that are reflexive responses that do not have to do with a trauma or certain temperments for there are treatments and medications. One treatment is known as flooding or extreme exposure to the phobia, which is at times controversial to use at times.

In working with OCD (Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) there are two components in causing the anxiety that are obsessive and intrusive and repetitive. Compulsions that are needed to be performed that are ritualistic acts that dwell on thoughts to think it away to make decisions of all the options of the decisions. Could it be Single ego dystonic that we do not want it or the thoughts that are not under voluntary control? Is it the inability to stop the compulsion that is hard to do and uncontrollable? Do you realize that OCD is unreasonable? These are some of the questions to ask. Performing these rituals occur equally common in men and women.

They are less common in Mexican and Black Americans, but more common in European Americans. Not really excessive of real-life problems. The images of death, the shouting of swear words that are irrational is the 'product of own mind' and the compulsion of checking and counting rigidly completes the act and neutralizes the fears in their mind. Family members can be the cause of Obsessive compulsive disorder.

The proposed theory of obsessive compulsive disorder that people that suffer are dysfunctional and a circuit in the brain that regulates these primitive impulses like aggression, bodily functions, sexuality is caused by deficiencies in the drug Serotonin with an example if someone or the person is constantly washing their hands with a fear of contamination. Swearing repetitiously is also seen in this manner showing that there is a neurological problem for this excessive activity in the brain. There are psychotropic medications along with behavioral and cognitive therapies. Coping skills that are learned will help with these issues that are moralistic and/or catastrophic thinking with this problem.

Next lesson lecture will be on Mood Disorders that include Depression and dysthymic disorders.

(If you like what you have read please tip, like, comment for I would like to know others feelings on these subject. Again, remember that these articles are taken from my notes from the lectures I had when in my undergraduate college courses a few years ago and I know there probably of been changes made as in the use of the DSM IV-TR now the DSM V. Sorry for this long and drawn out explanation and the reason for this is because the next lecture lesson I want to start fresh and I think there will be several articles for Mood disorders.)