Talking about Qiantang River from the River of Tide

The float in the river of the tide passes through Tiananmen Square.

Zhijiang is a nickname of the Qiantang River from Wenyan to Zhakou section in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The tortuous flow of the river is like the word "Zhi", hence the name. Qiantang River was first known in the Classic of Mountains and Seas. It got its name from flowing through the ancient Qiantang County. Qiantang is today's Hangzhou.

It is recommended to watch horizontally.

Qiantang River

Qiantang River is the largest river in Zhejiang Province, the naming source of Liangzhe Road in Song Dynasty, the source of provincial name when Zhejiang Province was founded in the early Ming Dynasty, and one of the main birthplaces of Wu-Yue culture. The Qiantang River is 588.73 kilometers long from the Xin'an River in the north and 522.22 kilometers from Majinxi in the upper reaches of the Qujiang River in Nanyuan. From the source, it flows through present-day southern Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province, with a drainage area of 55058 square kilometers, and flows into the East China Sea through Hangzhou Bay.

Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, on the north bank of Hangzhou Bay, is bordered by Shanghai, so friends often ask if Qiantang River is a tributary of the Yangtze River. In fact, the Qiantang River and the Yangtze River are two separate basins, both of which flow into the East China Sea. The Qiantang River Basin is located between 117 °40 °E and 120 °40 °E, 28 °05 °N and 30 °10'N, with Huangshan Mountains in the west, Lingjiang River Basin in the east, Xianxia Mountains in the south and Tiaoxi River system in the north. The river originates from Qingzhi Daijian in Anhui Province.

The annual runoff of the Qiantang River basin is 434 × 108m3, and the average annual runoff of the Yangtze River basin is 8944 × 109m3. The runoff of the Qiantang River basin is only 0.485% of that of the Yangtze River basin. After the Yangtze River runoff, which is rich in nutrients, flows southward, it is affected by the tide, which is mixed with Qiantang River runoff in Hangzhou Bay, which affects this area together, resulting in long-term eutrophication in the waters of Hangzhou Bay.

The seaside of Hangzhou Bay after high tide

On the Qiantang River, the tide flows, the rivers and seas meet, and the tide songs are sung through the ages. The weather, geographical location and wind situation have contributed to the world-famous Qianjiang tide. Diligence, pragmatism, pioneering and innovation embody the "Zhejiang spirit" of the Zhejiang people. The Qianjiang tide, also known as the Haining tide, is the tide at the mouth of the Qiantang River in Hangzhou Bay, Zhejiang Province. The Qianjiang Tide is a huge tide formed by the gravity of the moon and the sun and the special trumpet-shaped topography of the estuary of Hangzhou Bay. It is known as a world-famous wonder.

It is recommended to watch horizontally.

The tide of the Qianjiang River

On September 9, 1995, the Chinese Ministry of posts and Telecommunications issued a special postage postcard "Qianjiang Tide" to reproduce this wonder of the world. Today, the Qiantang River has become a world-class surfing resort. Since 2012, every year in the eighth month of the lunar calendar, world-class surfing events have been held on the Qiantang River, performing "Speed and passion" on the Qiantang River, just like the real version of "Qian Wang shooting Chao" in Chinese mythology.

Surfing on the Qiantang River

Under the combined action of the gravity of the moon and the sun on the earth, as well as the centrifugal force caused by the earth's rotation, the ocean water on the earth moves periodically and forms a tidal phenomenon in the coastal sea. On the first and fifteenth day of the lunar calendar, the three celestial bodies of the earth, the sun and the moon are basically in the first line, and the gravity of the sun and the moon to the earth adds up to form an astronomical spring tide. Therefore, Qianjiang Tide can be enjoyed every month. Before and after the Mid-Autumn Festival, it is the time when the earth is closest to the sun during the revolution of the earth around the sun, that is, the sun has the greatest gravity on the earth and the sea water receives the greatest tidal force, which is the tide of the Qianjiang River.

The tide of the Qiantang River, the Amazon River in South America and the Ganges River in South Asia are called "the three major tidal surges in the world" by the international geography circle. The intensity and magnificence of the tidal bore of the Qiantang River are at the top of the list.

One of the reasons for the surging tide of the Qianjiang River is that the huge crown is isolated from the world's trumpet-shaped estuary. The width of the outer water surface of Hangzhou Bay is about 100 km, but it shrinks sharply inward, to Haiyan Huangpu, 90 km from the mouth of the Qiantang River, which is only 20 km wide, while the width of the river in downtown Hangzhou is only about 1 km. When a large amount of tide pours into the narrow river, the tide does not have time to rise evenly, and the waves push the waves forward, layer upon layer, ranging from several meters to more than ten meters high, forming a magnificent landscape of "thunderstorms gathering on the sea, waterfalls in the heart of the river", "plain training across the river, and long flat sand rising from the white rainbow". This is the location of the tide of Qianjiang River.

Sunrise in Hangzhou Bay

Southeasterly winds are often blown around Hangzhou Bay, and the direction of the wind is roughly the same as the direction of the tide, which further contributes to the tide; coupled with the diurnal variation of the sea and land wind, the complex tidal waves of the Qiantang River are formed; if it happens to catch the typhoon landing in summer and autumn, the waves take advantage of the wind and have a reputation of "thunder drum frightening the river and strange stings, snow carriage horizontal frame Haimen high" and "towering turbid waves emptying the sky and overturning rivers and mountains." On the occasion of astronomical shaping the moon and looking at the moon, under the joint action of estuarine shape, riverbed geomorphology, hydrology, climate and other factors, the Qianjiang River tide spectacle has been formed.

Every year in August and September of the lunar calendar, when the tide in Qiantang is at its peak, it is also the most frightening time for the water department. Because, once the salt tide "overflows" the water intake point of the Hangzhou section of the Qiantang River, the urban water supply in Hangzhou may be affected.

The tidal energy of the Qiantang River is huge, and the salt tide will invade with each high tide of the Qiantang River. The precipitation affects the salt tide of the Qianjiang River in two aspects: one is that the main stream of the Qiantang River forms a flood peak in the flood season, which scours the downstream channel, and the other is that the precipitation determines the water storage capacity of the upstream Xin'anjiang Reservoir and the Fuchunjiang Reservoir, which is the amount of water resources rejected by the spring tide. Whether the influence of salt tide in Qiantang River is great or not mainly depends on the intensity of salt tide and the amount of fresh water discharged from Xin'anjiang and Fuchunjiang reservoirs.

Xin'anjiang River

From the upper reaches to the lower reaches of the Qiantang River, the three sections are called the Xin'an River, the Fuchun River and the Qiantang River. Generally from Tunxi to Meicheng in Zhejiang Province, it is called Xin'an River, and from Meicheng to Wenjiayan in Zhejiang Province, this section of the Qiantang River is called the Fuchun River, and below until the mouth of the Qiantang River is commonly known as the Qiantang River. In 2011, the achievements of the "Conceptual Planning of Ecological Landscape on both sides of the three Rivers of Hangzhou