Cat

The domestic cat (Felis catus) is a small carnivorous mammal and the only domesticated member of the Felidae family. Evidence suggests that cats were domesticated in the Near East around 7500 BC. They are popular as house pets and farm companions but also exist as feral animals, often avoiding human interaction.

Cats are cherished for their companionship and their natural hunting abilities, particularly in controlling vermin like mice and rats. Their physical traits include retractable claws, a flexible body, and sharp teeth, all of which aid in their predatory skills. With excellent night vision and a keen sense of smell, they are adapted to hunting during dawn and dusk, making them crepuscular predators.

Communication among cats involves a variety of vocalizations—such as meowing, purring, and hissing—as well as body language. They can hear high-frequency sounds beyond human capability, which helps them detect prey. Additionally, cats communicate through pheromones.

Female cats can reproduce multiple times a year, typically giving birth to litters of two to five kittens. The practice of breeding and showcasing cats, known as cat fancy, has led to the development of various pedigreed breeds.

Despite their popularity, issues like pet abandonment and uncontrolled breeding have resulted in significant feral cat populations, which can have detrimental effects on local wildlife, including birds, mammals, and reptiles. Spaying and neutering are common methods to control cat populations and mitigate these impacts.