How to take antihypertensive drugs, before or after meals? When to take it for the best effect

Hypertension is the chronic disease with the largest number of patients in our country. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by it are the number one cause of death for our residents. Taking antihypertensive drugs regularly is the most effective and easiest way to control high blood pressure. However, when many people take antihypertensive drugs, they cannot grasp the best time to take the drugs, which leads to reduced efficacy or increased adverse reactions.

1. Medication time related to diet

In the drug insert, the method of taking will require fasting, before meal, during meal, and after meal. So what is the specific time required for these terms?

Fasting: refers to taking the medicine 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after a meal. However, some elderly people have weak digestive function and slow gastric emptying. Therefore, the two time periods after getting up in the morning and before going to bed at night are the commonly used time for taking medicine on an empty stomach.

Before meals: refers to taking the medicine 15 to 60 minutes before a meal, usually 30 minutes before a meal as the usual time for taking the medicine.

Meal: refers to the medicine taken with food when eating.

After meal: refers to taking the medicine within 15 to 30 minutes after a meal, usually 15 minutes after a meal.

2. The relationship between commonly used antihypertensive drugs and eating time

1. Dipine drugs: food will affect the absorption of felodipine, so felodipine should be taken on an empty stomach. Cinidipine has a certain irritation to the digestive tract, and taking it after a meal can reduce adverse reactions. The taking of other nifedipine, amlodipine and dipine drugs has nothing to do with eating time.

2. Lolol drugs: When there is food in the digestive tract, it will increase the absorption of propranolol and metoprolol tartrate, causing blood pressure fluctuations, so take it on an empty stomach. Metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets, bisoprolol, labetalol and other Lolol drugs are not affected by diet.

3. Pristine drugs: food will reduce the absorption of captopril and perindopril and decrease the efficacy of the drug, so it needs to be taken on an empty stomach. Enalapril, benazepril, lisinopril, fosinopril and other pristine drugs are not affected by diet and can be used at a fixed time every day.

4. Sartan drugs: Diet will delay the absorption of a few sartan drugs, but it has no effect on the efficacy. Therefore, losartan, valsartan, candesartan, telmisartan, irbesartan and other sartan drugs are not restricted by the time of diet.

5. Diuretics: Food can increase the absorption of hydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone and improve the bioavailability. Therefore, it is advisable to take the medicine during or after a meal, and it can reduce the irritation to the digestive tract and reduce adverse reactions. Furosemide is not affected by diet and can be taken at any time. In order to avoid urination at night affecting sleep, diuretics are recommended to be taken in the morning, not before going to bed.

6, oxazosin drugs: these drugs have a strong effect on vasodilation, so terazosin, alfuzosin, doxazosin and other oxazosin drugs should be taken before going to bed to reduce orthostatic hypotension. risk.

Three, the determination of the specific medication time

The choice of antihypertensive drugs: give priority to long-acting antihypertensive drugs that only need to be taken once a day, not only for the convenience of medication, but also to improve medication compliance. More importantly, long-acting antihypertensive drugs can maintain a high blood concentration for a long time, and have a stable control effect on blood pressure throughout the day.

Determining the time of taking the medicine: Most people's blood pressure regularly rises during the day and decreases at night, so you should take the medicine after getting up in the morning to better control your blood pressure during the day and avoid low blood pressure at night. However, some people's blood pressure pattern is different from normal, manifested as high pressure at night or high in the morning, and they need to adjust the medication before going to bed to produce better control effect. It is recommended to do 24-hour blood pressure dynamic monitoring, master your blood pressure rules, and determine the time of taking the medicine.

To sum up, in the treatment of hypertension, you need to master the "time code" of antihypertensive drugs, and determine the specific medication time according to your blood pressure law and the drugs used, in order to achieve the best efficacy of antihypertensive drugs and reduce side effects . The drug should be used under the guidance of a doctor or pharmacist.