Insights Unveiled: Lancet Study on Lifestyle Disorders Reveals a Subtle Expansion

The rising incidence of lifestyle-related disorders in the country has been revealed by a recent study funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). This comprehensive research, conducted over a period of ten years by Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialist Centre, has been published in the prestigious medical journal The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology. It provides the most thorough assessment of metabolic diseases in India to date. The study's findings are both startling and concerning, shedding light on the prevalence of these disorders across the population.

The data from the study indicate that a significant portion of the population is affected by lifestyle-related disorders. Astonishingly, 28% of the population has been found to have excessive cholesterol levels, 35% are diagnosed with hypertension, and over 10% of the population suffers from diabetes. While these ailments are more commonly observed in metropolitan areas, rural regions are also experiencing an increasing vulnerability, particularly to diabetes. What is even more alarming is the lack of distinction between rural and urban areas when it comes to pre-diabetes, as over 60% of individuals who are pre-diabetic in India eventually develop diabetes.

These changing disease trends highlight a significant shift in the age groups affected by non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Traditionally, diabetes and other NCDs were associated with older age groups. However, due to unhealthy dietary patterns, sedentary lifestyles, exposure to cigarette smoke, and alcohol addiction, these diseases are now affecting younger individuals. Startlingly, studies have shown that over 45% of individuals with diabetes are not elderly, and approximately 20% of diabetics in the country are under the age of 45. These findings underscore the urgent need for increased awareness, particularly in rural areas, where knowledge about these lifestyle-related illnesses is lacking.

In 2019, a collaborative study between the Public Health Foundation of India and research organizations in the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany brought to light another concerning aspect of the situation. The study revealed that only half of individuals between the ages of 15 and 50 suffering from diabetes were aware of their condition. This lack of awareness further contributes to the challenges posed by these diseases and hampers timely intervention and management.

Recognizing the significance of this health transition, the National Health Mission has acknowledged that non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, have surpassed the burden of communicable diseases over the past decade in India. However, the importance of promoting behavioral changes to address this transition has not always received the necessary attention within the healthcare sector. The NCD Monitoring Survey has drawn attention to the inadequate availability of counseling resources for individuals with diabetes, highlighting the need for improved support systems.

The findings of the Lancet study and the existing concerns underscore the urgency for action. It is essential for healthcare stakeholders, policymakers, and society as a whole to heed these warnings and take proactive measures. Lifestyle-related diseases not only pose a significant health burden but also have a substantial economic impact. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2030, India may incur a staggering cost of $6 trillion in dealing with these diseases.

To effectively address this public health crisis, concerted efforts are required to enhance awareness, promote healthy lifestyle practices, improve access to healthcare services, and strengthen preventive measures. It is crucial to prioritize education and create robust support systems to empower individuals in managing and preventing these diseases. Only through collaborative action can we effectively tackle the rising burden of lifestyle-related disorders and ensure a healthier future for generations to come.