Mania

Now for Mania for this side of it there are low levels of depression and it seems to help to regulate the 6-proteins modulate at levels at the post-synaptic level like the drug Prozac which is a SSRI and need more Serotonin. There is a genetic vulnerability and the 1990's in England a person for I am not sure if it was a scientist or psychologist found that chromosomes are what are the patterns for mood disorders such as Bi-Polar 1 with one or more episodes and it seems even with prior treatment with Lithium and having four episodes.

What is Rapid cycling? Rapid cycling is when there are four or more episodes in one year going from depression, mania, and hypomania. There is a poor diagnosis for recovery, but in between these episodes there will be found but will show signs of abnormality.

If one is to be affected by Seasonal Affective Disorder one must be twice and in a consecutive manner for two consecutive years to be diagnosed. Another issue what are abnormal cortisol levels and stress hormones that come from the adrenal cortex to combat the stress maybe caused by Seasonal Affective Disorder. This is tested by DST (sorry cannot remember what this abbreviation stood for, but it could stand for Daylight Savings Time.) The higher levels of cortisol with the higher level of depression is correlational and predictive, but we do not know the exact nature of this.

In dealing with the psychodynamic concepts for which there are two; anger and separation. One must first learn to deal with various fixations orally with dealing with not enough care or is too indulgent in care. In working through separation like with the loss of a loved one like a spouse or a companion this interjects with the last person and resents being abandoned and shows anger towards the last companions.

What is 'introjected hostility'? This is when depressed people unconsciously is punishing oneself because of feeling abandoned by the person who is gone. They were over-dependent on others approval that supported by fixation in the oral stage.

Treatments for Cognitive and Behavioral Issues

Teaching will identify the negative thought patterns that occur automatically. This helps to make a connection between the thoughts and the emotions that are occurring. One must challenge them to carefully examine these thoughts. Can you support these ideas and if these ideas are not productive teach them to replace these past ideas with productive realistic ideas. You can tell them that life still has worth for them. You can also share with them that 'journaling' can be used as a part of therapy that implements the other strategies that are taught, and will make for more optimistic thoughts that one can or could have in looking to feel better about oneself.

There is also the idea of interpersonal therapy that puts the focus on the, of course, the interpersonal problems and gives the person a better way to respond to stressors. There are biological treatments like using Lithium even though 1/2 of the people do not take this medication regularly. The medication and therapy works together along with what works for the family, the therapist and the patient/client. This ends the lessons on Mood Disorders.

Next lesson/lecture: Dissociative Disorders

(Please like, comment, and tip if you liked what you read. Always try to remember ideas probably have changed since I had learned this material, and I am not a counselor or psychologist just a licensed practical nurse who just enjoys sharing what I learned from all my years of education in college and graduate school.)