Pollution due to Urbanization

Air pollution is increasing with the increase in air consumption and the increase in population in urban areas. The ozone layer is a layer in the earth's atmosphere that protects us from harmful UV rays (UV) from the sun that can cause skin cancer and increased air pollution can deplete the ozone layer.

Visible air pollution, also known as smog, is also found in urban areas. Most of the air pollution is concentrated in urban areas, due to the automotive industry, which emits a lot of waste in the environment. We must control pollution levels in urban areas so that people can live without pollution and disease-related diseases, especially lung diseases, and in a healthy and clean environment.

It is a vector representing the different covariants of each city over time, where it represents the macroeconomic diversity route that affects vector health and includes population density, gender ratio, proportion over the age of 65, GDP growth rates, primary school enrollment rates, formal personal development assistance, urban population allocation and improved sanitation (30).

Urban migration and air pollution vary widely by region. Low air and water levels, inadequate water availability, waste management issues, and high energy use are exacerbated by overcrowding and urban needs. Strong urban planning is essential to overcome these and other difficulties, as the world's urban areas expand.

Human activities in urban systems are causing many destructive and irreversible impacts on the environment, such as climate change, air pollution, soil and erosion, increased flooding, and environmental degradation. The introduction of urban migration, the growing number of cities, and the number of people and industries have affected our environment. Urban people change their environment through their use of food, energy, water, and land.

Their environment also affects the health and quality of life of urban people. Urban dwellers have different patterns used for those living in rural areas, for example, urban dwellers eat more solid food, energy, and goods than rural people. Much of this is determined by the magnitude of the environmental impact of the "urban" people, but their use and way of life are not as great as before.

People have gathered in urban areas since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. More than half of Americans lived in cities in 2005 (Cohen 2006) and there were 28 megacities (defined as more than 10 million people). The growth of urban areas has been accompanied by an increase in urban migration and urbanization. Most urban migration is driven by rural people, who want the benefits offered in urban areas.

Air pollution hit industrial cities as we began to grow. Due to the success of standards and air quality control, emissions from such sources as automobiles, power generation, and industrial installations that once caused severe air pollution are now a distant memory in North America and Europe. Another positive effect of urban health care has been to reduce air pollution in low-income countries.

Air pollution plays a major role in the relationship between urban migration and health impacts in low-income countries, as measured by the interaction between air pollution and urban migration. In high-income countries, the negative impact of air pollution on many health indicators is immeasurable compared to low-income countries. A study showing the link between increased pollution and death (Figure 2) of children exposed to smoke and respiratory problems in seven Indian cities found that air pollution was the cause of 24,000 premature deaths in the early 1990s and that number rose to 37,000 in the mid-1990s. -United Nations Environment Program, 2002).

As in the United States, as urban sprawl increases, people in rapidly growing cities in low-income countries are at greater risk of air pollution, which increases the risk and severity of asthma in them. These findings suggest that urbanization harms public health and affects the risk of people contracting asthma. In low- and middle-income countries, many factors contribute to the high number of patients suffering from asthma.

Other substances such as chemicals and other toxic gases can also pollute the air. Interaction between urban populations and the environment can create major problems. The patterns and uses of urban life are changing with nature.

When we put our villages in the cities, we took a big step forward, but it was the cost of living a luxurious and luxurious life in the modern cities, which was a huge hole in our natural health. The automotive, construction and industrial industries continued to pollute the air. Demand for electricity in cities has increased, and to meet this need, more energy-efficient power stations have been built.

There are various types of pollution caused by urbanization, such as air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, heat pollution, global warming, and deforestation. Overuse of water in urban areas by people and industry is the cause of water pollution. Due to overcrowding in urban areas, the amount of rubbish, plastic, and disposable rubbish bins has increased and with the establishment of factories, the number of trees has decreased, which is a major cause of soil erosion and pollution due to urban migration.

Long-term transport of O3 and particles is an important problem in urban areas, not only in developed countries where local emissions are regulated but also in developing populations where large cities are very close together. In Asia, overcrowding in the major regions means that regional air pollution increases the risk of poor Asian air quality in a way that the United States does not.