How was planet earth Born ?

The disparity between the universe's predicted and observed amounts of ordinary matter (baryons) was a problem that astronomers battled for decades. Observations only accounted for about half of the baryonic matter that theoretical models based on the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and cosmic microwave background measurements suggested existed.

By finding much of this hydrogen that was missing, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope made a significant breakthrough in 2000. This hydrogen, a fundamental component of baryonic matter, was discovered in the vast distances between galaxies rather than within them. Due to their low density and lack of luminosity, diffuse clouds of ionized hydrogen gas can't be seen in these intergalactic areas. In accordance with theoretical predictions from the Big Bang, Hubble's observations confirmed that this intergalactic hydrogen accounts for nearly half of the universe's ordinary matter.

The Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM), a web-like network of hot, ionized gas stretching between galaxies, has been the location of a significant portion of these missing baryons, according to subsequent research. The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, which involves the distortion of the cosmic microwave background radiation by high-energy electrons in the WHIM, and the detection of absorption lines in the spectra of distant quasars have both been used to infer the presence of the WHIM. Although it is difficult to directly observe the WHIM, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect has also been used to infer its presence.

The long-standing issue of the missing baryon and new insights into the distribution of matter across cosmic scales have been made possible by these discoveries, which have significantly improved our comprehension of the structure and composition of the universe.

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You stated: "Half of the universe's hydrogen gas, long unaccounted for, has been found," write me an article. ChatGPT reported: Long-unknown hydrogen gas accounts for half of the universe. The so-called "missing baryon problem" has been one of the biggest mysteries of contemporary cosmology for decades. Despite the fact that physicists were able to estimate the amount of normal matter—the kind made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons—that ought to be present in the universe, observations consistently failed to meet expectations. It appeared to be missing about half of this common material, most of it in the form of hydrogen gas. Astronomers have discovered this elusive matter, which was hidden in plain sight in the vast cosmic web that connects galaxies all over the universe, in a remarkable scientific breakthrough. The Mysterious Absence of Baryons Baryonic matter, or "normal" matter, is what gives rise to stars, planets, and people. Dark matter, on the other hand, does not interact with light and remains mysterious. Scientists anticipated the existence of some baryonic matter based on Big Bang models and in-depth observations of the cosmic microwave background. However, when looking at stars, galaxies, and gas clouds, only about half of it was observed with telescopes. For years, scientists were baffled by this discrepancy, which raised concerns regarding our comprehension of the universe. Where exactly was the missing item? Information from the Intergalactic Medium Researchers have now discovered this lost hydrogen gas scattered thinly between galaxies in vast, diffuse clouds known as the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) thanks to new detection methods and advanced telescopes like NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The WHIM is a component of the cosmic web, a vast web of filaments made up of gas, dark matter, and galaxies that spans the entire universe. The hydrogen in these filaments has been ionized and heated to millions of degrees, making traditional detection extremely challenging. Scientists were able to identify the WHIM's faint signatures by observing how light from distant quasars (ultra-bright galactic centers) is absorbed as it passes through these regions. Studying the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, which is a tiny distortion in the cosmic microwave background