Discovering the Natural Wonders of Horton Plains Plateau in Sri Lanka

The Horton Plains plateau is a stunning natural wonder located in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. The plateau, which spans over 3,169 hectares, is a protected area that is home to a unique and diverse range of flora and fauna. It is also known for its breathtaking landscapes, including rolling hills, misty valleys, and cascading waterfalls. In this article, we will explore the rich history and natural beauty of the Horton Plains plateau.

The History of Horton Plains

The Horton Plains plateau has a long and fascinating history. According to local legend, the plateau was once a fertile valley inhabited by a group of people known as the "Hela". The Hela people were said to be skilled farmers and traders, and they lived in harmony with the surrounding landscape.

However, the arrival of the British in the 19th century brought about significant changes to the area. The British began to clear large areas of forest for tea plantations, which led to significant deforestation and soil erosion. In response to these changes, the Sri Lankan government declared the area a wildlife sanctuary in 1969, and it was later designated as a national park in 1988.

Today, the Horton Plains plateau is a protected area that is managed by the Sri Lanka Department of Wildlife Conservation. The plateau is also designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, in recognition of its unique and valuable natural heritage.

Flora and Fauna of Horton Plains

One of the most striking features of the Horton Plains plateau is its incredible diversity of flora and fauna. The plateau is home to a wide range of endemic plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else in the world.

The plant life in Horton Plains includes a variety of grasses, shrubs, and trees, many of which are adapted to the cool and wet climate of the plateau. The most iconic plant species found in the area is the beautiful red-flowered Rhododendron arboreum, which blooms in abundance during the spring and early summer.

In addition to its rich plant life, Horton Plains is also home to a wide variety of animal species, including several endemic mammals, birds, and reptiles. Some of the most notable animal species found in the area include the purple-faced langur, the Horton Plains slender loris, the Sri Lankan leopard, and the Sambar deer.

The plateau is also a paradise for bird lovers, with over 70 species of birds recorded in the area. These include several endemic species, such as the Sri Lanka whistling thrush and the Sri Lanka bush warbler.

Hiking Trails in Horton Plains

One of the best ways to explore the beauty of the Horton Plains plateau is by hiking along one of its many scenic trails. The plateau is crisscrossed by a network of well-maintained hiking trails, which range from easy walks to more challenging treks.

The most popular hiking trail in the area is the 9-kilometer circular trek that takes visitors through the heart of the plateau. This trail begins at the park entrance and takes visitors through lush forests, over misty grasslands, and past several stunning waterfalls. The trail also includes a visit to the famous World's End, a sheer cliff that drops over 880 meters into the valley below.

Another popular hiking trail in the area is the trek to Baker's Falls, a beautiful cascading waterfall that drops over 20 meters into a pool below. This trail is a relatively easy walk and is suitable for visitors of all ages.

Visiting Horton Plains

Visiting Horton Plains is a unique and unforgettable experience. The park is open to visitors from 6 am to 6 pm daily, and visitors are required to purchase a ticket at the park entrance.

To ensure that the area remains protected, visitors are required to follow