Consider the Reality That Crocodiles Haven't Changed in Millions of Years
Reality check
If you ever got an an opportunity to travel back in time you know way back you would probably not be able to understand many animals but certainly you'd know the crocodilians caimans alligators crocodiles cereals and other associated species have barely transformed since the time of dinosaurs so why did they stop developing and did they really crocodilians have endured around for about 85 million years and they had diverse ancestors that developed to be even earlier over 205 million years ago all these ancestors are jointly known as crocodilemores many of them created their first appearance in the late Mesozoic as well as early Cretaceous periods and actually evolved pretty quickly there were all kinds of Crocs back then from earthly to water dwelling and even vegetarian ones yeah one kind looked a lot like its modern relatives with the only variance being that it was two times as long as a giraffe is tall there there were also some smaller kinds with mammal-like teeth and Crocs with tusks as well as super armor so where did all that diversity go and how did Crocs we know right now manage to stay alive well it all has to do with the way crocodilians have evolved we normally see Evolution as a the amount of gradual changes that take place over a long period of time but scientists suggested a theory that says Evolution doesn't always work like that they call this Theory the punctuated equilibrium sounds to me like a ruptured eardrum, but according to it there were long stretches of time where no changes occurred at all; there may have been some mutations, but they didn't live on; then all of a sudden something made the species evolve quickly; this something was probably a rapid change in the environment. For example, certain crocodiles lived in deep water rivers for a very long time; they were perfectly comfortable in that environment, and Since they evolved into aquatic animals, they had to find a way to avoid breathing water. That's how they developed a second pallet in the roof of the mouth that helps them keep air and water apart, and that's how the ancestor of modern-day crocodiles developed elongated snouts full of conical tea, a long and flexible tail, a membrane to protect their eyes, and a body armoured with spines. platypus stems from an ancestor that went its own way from other mammals within 150 million years ago a British paleontologist observes that the Platypus has a number of primitive features you can see them both in fossilised remains and their modern Anatomy the Platypus still lays leathery eggs and their milk oozes out of mammary gland ducts and gathering grooves on their skin this isn't a thing usual for mammals that evolved after this being only Platypus and two species of Echidna can boast this superpower between present-day mammals scientists were able to determine platypus fossils by their duck-like bills and unique Jaws the oldest ones that look like the Platypus we know right now stay to around two and a half million years ago there are further than 60 species of a possum snail and they live in the Americas Australia New Zealand Tasmania as well as New Guinea they're a compassionate of marsupial those animals who carry their offspring in a pouch they've hardly transformed in their external body form contrasted to their ancestors from over 65 million years ago mammals came to be around the same time as dinosaurs They came to the conclusion that the first marsupials resembled members of the contemporary opossum family. These adorable creatures have so many characteristics in common with their millions of years-old forebears that they are frequently called living fossils. Opossums exist in various settings and can adapt to a continuously changing environment because they are not fussy eaters; of all sharks, the cow shark is the evolution champion. This may be one reason why they have managed to survive so well. They will eat bugs, trash, and rotting fruit without batting an eye. Regarding cow sharks, four species have six or seven gills, a holdover from their extinct ancestors from millions of years ago. Scientists typically study the sharks of the distant past using their teeth since sharks do not possess bones but cartilage; that's mainly what is left of them based on their findings. However, most living shark species, including the famous great white, can boast five gills on the side. paleontologists have developed that cow sharks have existed for at least 175 million years it looks like they utilised to have their rough bladed teeth to feed on whatever they could find in the ocean and acted as the deep sea cleanup crew the way horseshoe crabs appear screens prehistoric survivors they're shield-like carapaces and long spine tails are the ideal proof that these creatures as we know them nowadays have been around for millions of years around 150 million based to scientists they changed contrasted to their ancestors and lost the nest of double branched legs utilised both for breathing and moving within modern horseshoe crabs use their segmented legs at the front for walking and consuming their rear legs are accountable for breathing as they form flattened gills this was not the solely change over millions of years of course but the shifts are really insignificant in the big evolution game this being has survived several mass extinctions the development and fall of the non-avian dinosaurs and the changing of continents which had literally altered the world but not these seabed crawlers and it appears like they're ready to carry on for another 100 million years or so and perhaps their attitudes will evolve after all this time they're nevertheless crabby meanwhile these guys might not have the most impressive appears and aren't exactly popular among individuals but lies can tell their own Survival Story and it might be one of the longest on Earth finding their fossils is uncommon so the scientists were pretty lucky to reveal a 44 million year old feather Laos that appear incredibly similar to lies that still live on water Birds plumes, however, are likely much older than that. Based on genetic analysis of fossils and living organisms, it appears that feathered life separated from its relatives between 115 and 130 million years ago, when feathered dinosaurs still ruled the planet. Because lice had evolved to live on early birds and feather-covered dinosaurs, they had to adapt to their new hosts after their previous landlords ended the lease. Horsetails are among the most impressive plants. You will discover them growing in patches along stream banks and other moist habitats, where a dino would blend in just fine. Horsetails still reproduce by sports, unlike all other plants, which abandoned this method in favour of seeds millions of years ago. Because of this reproduction method, horsetails are nearly impossible to remove from areas where they shouldn't be growing. Another fascinating fact about horsetails is that they are one of the few plants that can tolerate drought.
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Ian Sankan
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The Biggest Underwater Eruption Ever, perhaps?
The most powerful underwater earthquake occurred in 2018 between East Africa and Madagascar. There was a deep rift between the Earth's crust and the mantle, and thousands of tonnes of magma emerged onto the ocean floor. Subsequently, a massive underwater volcano with a height of 2,700 feet was formed close to Madagascar's coast. This is virtually twice the height of the Empire State Building, and it is all submerged beneath the water. French scientists research this place since it had regular seismic behaviour when the geologist went on a trips to the coast of Madagascar they noticed this giant underwater Rock which was not here until most recently with the assist of geological equipment they discovered the earthquake occurred deeper than usual beneath the Earth's crust geologists created a special Observatory to monitor the circumstance at this site in real time among February and may 2019 they recorded about 17 thousand seismic operations below the ocean floor scientists had rarely recorded such deep earthquakes this suggests that there are reservoirs as well as drainage systems inside our planet via which magma floods it's like the veins as well as vessels of a living organism volume of lava the volcano spews at this place may be compared with the volcanic eruptions in the hottest spots of Earth possibly this is one of the the majority catastrophic but at the same time appealing events in nature over the past few years to comprehend what can be beautiful regarding this let's first figure out what an underwater volcano is as well as how it works in our planet there are incandescent liquid metals and molten rocks with almost all the chemical elements from the periodic table all this hot material is called magma which constantly flows in the planet's bowels nevertheless magma is lighter than the surrounding Earth's crust so it constantly tries to break out upwards don't lay the exterior of our planet is powerful enough and doesn't allow magma to Splash out but occasionally it happens and here's why the Earth's crust comprises of many solid parts Imagine a large image of puzzles where each piece represents a tectonic plate and how they are all continually moving to trigger collisions with one another. Sometimes a puzzle piece falls out of place, creating a gap where flowing magma rushes out, creating what are known as volcanoes. When a volcano erupts, a new geology is initiated, and a splash of magma shocks the ocean floor. When lava and ash erupt from our planet's interior, a tremendous amount of destructive force is released, but because of the water, such a calamity can go unnoticed. There is a complete mess inside the ocean, but more than 70% of the seismic activity linked to volcanoes occurs underwater, and nearly no one perceives it. The ocean in this region boils, and gigantic air bubbles rise, but the enormous pressure of hundreds of millions of gallons of water inhibits the volcano's destructive force. Lava heats the water and destroys the seafloor. molten rocks of the Earth's crust are pressed against the seabed, which blocks the effects of the disaster. Still, occasionally the eruption reaches the surface as it did in 2012 when enormous pieces of pumice the size of a van started to float up in the Southeastern Pacific Ocean. There were hundreds of thousands of them, looking more like a group of unidentified Islands and volcanic rocks scattered in the ocean over an area twice the size of New Zealand. Scientists used deep-sea technology to study the phenomenon. There is a lot of vegetation, flowers, and trees around volcanoes because the volcanic ash, lava, and soil around the volcano are rich in minerals that nourish the soil and encourage the development of microorganisms on land and water. Underwater volcanoes can eventually form natural islands, but this long process causes a sizable piece of land to emerge from the water when magma goes out of the water. Over millions of years, layer by layer, the volcano has been growing. It has been slowly rising due to constant eruptions. Some volcanoes may go out forever, and some continue to erupt, and then eventually, the level of volcanic Rock gets to the surface in the form of a huge island after many more years. The release of magma raises the level of the seabed. After another hundred, maybe a thousand years. There are several creatures, trees, flowers, and plants in the region of the wrecked seabed. These volcanic islands evolved independently of all continents, giving them distinctive ecosystems. Numerous islands worldwide have formed due to underwater volcano eruptions; you may locate them in Hawaii. Observing such Islands aids scientists in understanding how life on Earth first began. Iceland and Indonesia. Many are populated, and people have built villages and small towns there. These locations may appear like paradise, with fruit and vegetable farms, fish-filled waters, and lush soil, but living there is risky due to the volcano. People built a beautiful city right in the crater of an active volcano on the island of Ogashima, south of Tokyo. In May 1785, the eruption started without anyone expecting it to. At some point, thousands of birds rose and flew away from the island, and then the ground started to shake with a heavy, low sound. originated from below the underworld dead. Thick smoke, enormous rocks, and red-hot bits of lava shot into the sky from the summit of the green volcano during the tragedy, which lasted for several weeks. People could flee, although it took a while for them to recover. Nearly 250 years have passed since then, and during that time, the volcano has remained dormant despite the threat of a new eruption. People have continued to live there, and the population is expanding because no one wants to leave this paradise-like location. After all, it has thermal Springs. Deep woods with many fish and fertile soil Movements and tectonic plate ruptures cause another natural calamity, which meteorological and seismological services continuously monitor. When seismic activity causes the crust to shift vertically up or down, destructive tsunamis are created, unlike volcanoes. When the ocean floor's water pressure changes, energy is released. This energy pushes the water and causes a tsunami using the same principle that causes a small wave to form when you throw a stone into the water. At first, the tsunami is small and moving towards the coast at 500 miles per hour, nearly twice as fast as a Formula One race car. Millions of gallons of water are involved. Nothing can withstand the catastrophic power of nature; on the Japanese coast, for example, tsunamis are a common occurrence. People have constructed enormous shields nearby to stop the waves from reaching the shore, but despite all preparation, nature always manages to win out.
By Ian Sankan2 years ago in Earth
Birds with Wild Hairdos
Cockatoos are known for their expressive crests, which they raise or lower depending on their mood. The crests can be white, yellow, or pink. These charismatic birds are native to the Australian continent, the islands of the Indo-Australian archipelago, and parts of New Guinea. There are 21 different species of cockatoo, varying in size from the diminutive Galah to the imposing Sulphur-crested Cockatoo. Most cockatoo species are highly social birds, forming strong pair bonds that often last a lifetime. Cockatoos are primarily herbivores, with a diet consisting of seeds, nuts, fruits, roots, and occasionally insects and larvae.
By Rasma Raistersabout 19 hours ago in Earth
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