Strokes

Rapid onset of cerebral deficit or apoplexy.

There are two types of strokes

• Non Hemorrhagic Stroke
• Hemorrhagic Stroke

Non Hemorrhagic Stroke include Ischemic Stroke(thrombotic embolic)which means "Plaque formation in arterial wall, Plaque breaks away and gets lodge into brain"

Ischemic Stroke affects three parts

1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Brain Stem

Cerebrum further divide into two parts Right Hemisphere and Left Hemisphere

In Left Hemisphere disturbance in math and words reasoning

Where as In Right Hemisphere disturbance in recognizing face, music, spatial relation, awareness which means both hemisphere have following lobes

1. Frontal Lobe
2. Parietal Lobe
3. Temporal Lobe
4. Occipital Lobe

If Frontal lobe affected then there must be disturbance in motor executive function

If we move towards Parietal lobe affected by RTA or genetic factor then there must be sensory loss

Temporal lobe disturbance can cause difficulty in hearing, memory, language

If Occipital lobe affected can result in blurred vision or loss of vision or monocular or binocular diplopia.

Hemorrhagic Stroke:

It consist of two types of strokes Intracerebral hemorrhage which is also known as Intraventricular hemorrhage, second the Sub Arachnoid Hemorrhage

Intracerebral Hemorrhage:

Rupture of artery or micro aneurysm bleeding in brain which cause formation of hematoma

Sign and Symptoms:

1. Aneurysm
2. Arteriovenous
3. Malformation
4. Trauma
5. Hemiparesis
6. Monoparesis
7. Visual field deficit
8. Diplopia
9. Dysarthria
10. Ataxia
11. Sudden decrease in level of consciousness

Sub Arachnoid Hemorrhage:

Out break of blood in subarachnoid space which accumulate fluid in large amount

Sign and Symptoms:

1. Severe Thunder clap headache
2. Loss of consciousness
3. Meningeal syndrome (neck stiffness, kerning's sign, nausea, vomiting, photophobia)
4. Epileptic Seizures
5. Psychomotor Excitation
6. Reactive Hypertension
7. Hyperthermia
8. Tachycardia