Hiking from Cusco to Machu Picchu – Routes, Tips, and What to Expect

Hiking from Cusco to Machu Picchu is an unforgettable experience, filled with breathtaking landscapes, ancient ruins, and a sense of adventure that’s hard to find anywhere else. This journey through the Andes allows you to witness the diversity of Peru’s natural beauty while connecting with the rich history of the Inca civilization. Let's explore the main hiking routes, provide essential tips, and help you know what to expect along the way, ensuring your Cusco to Machu Picchu trek is as rewarding as possible.

Selecting Your Path: Lares Trek, Salkantay Trek, and Inca Trail

From Cusco to Machu Picchu, every trekking route gives a different viewpoint on the area while accommodating varying tastes, levels of fitness, and price ranges.The three main routes—Inca Trail, Salkantay Trek, and Lares Trek—each have their own highlights.

Inca Trail

The most well-known path and the only one that goes straight to Machu Picchu's Sun Gate is the Inca Trail. This iconic 4-day trek covers roughly 26 miles (42 km) and passes several archaeological sites, including Wiñay Wayna and Intipata, along ancient stone pathways. The Inca Trail requires a permit, which is limited to 500 people per day (including guides and porters), so booking months in advance is essential.

Highlights:

Direct entry to Machu Picchu through the Sun Gate

Several Inca ruins along the way

Diverse landscapes from cloud forests to alpine regions

Challenges:

Steep ascents and descents, especially on Dead Woman’s Pass

Limited permits; advance booking is necessary

Salkantay Trek

For those seeking a less crowded experience or unable to reserve a seat on the Inca Trail, the Salkantay Trek is an excellent substitute.This 5-day, 46-mile (74 km) trek takes you through incredibly diverse landscapes, from high-altitude snow-capped mountains to lush jungle terrain. The Salkantay Trek doesn’t require a permit, making it easier to book, and it’s generally less expensive than the Inca Trail.

Highlights:

Stunning views of Salkantay Mountain, one of Peru's highest peaks

Varied landscapes, including tropical jungles and high mountain passes

Hot springs in Santa Teresa

Challenges:

Higher altitudes with Salkantay Pass at over 15,000 feet (4,600 meters)

Physical demands due to longer distance and rugged terrain

Lares Trek

The Lares Trek is perfect for travelers who want an off-the-beaten-path experience with fewer crowds and more interaction with local Andean communities. This 4-day trek doesn’t go directly to Machu Picchu but ends in Ollantaytambo, from where you can take a train to Aguas Calientes and then visit Machu Picchu. Covering approximately 33 miles (53 km), the Lares Trek is known for its cultural richness and beautiful landscapes.

Highlights:

Traditional Andean villages and the chance to meet local Quechua people

Glacial lakes, waterfalls, and hot springs

More flexible itinerary with fewer crowds

Challenges:

Requires an additional train ride from Ollantaytambo to reach Machu Picchu

High-altitude passes and rugged terrain

Essential Tips for Hiking from Cusco to Machu Picchu

1. Prepare for the Altitude

Cusco itself sits at 11,152 feet (3,399 meters), and the trails reach even higher elevations. Spend at least 2-3 days acclimatizing in Cusco before beginning your hike. Altitude sickness can impact your journey if you’re not prepared, so stay hydrated, avoid alcohol, and take it easy during your first days in Cusco. Some travelers find relief in coca tea, a traditional Andean remedy for altitude issues.

2. Pack Smartly

Packing light is crucial for hiking from Cusco to Machu Picchu, as you’ll be carrying your essentials over long distances. Most organized treks provide porters or mules to carry heavy gear, but you’ll still need a small daypack with essentials like water, sunscreen, snacks, a rain jacket, and a warm layer. Remember, the weather can be unpredictable, so pack for both warmth and rain.

3. Choose a Reputable Tour Company

Hiring a reputable tour company is vital for both safety and the quality of your experience. Do your research to find a company that treats porters and staff fairly, respects the environment, and provides quality equipment and food. Some companies also offer private or small group options for a more personalized experience.

What to Expect on the Trail

Scenic Views and Diverse Ecosystems

From lush cloud forests to alpine highlands, the landscapes are constantly changing, providing an awe-inspiring backdrop to your trek. You’ll encounter a mix of dense forests, open mountain passes, and rivers, with each day bringing something new. Keep an eye out for exotic wildlife like llamas, condors, and diverse bird species native to the Andean regions.

Inca Ruins and Sacred Sites

One of the most captivating aspects of hiking from Cusco to Machu Picchu is the chance to visit ancient Incan ruins along the way. The Inca Trail, in particular, is dotted with archaeological sites, allowing you to get a taste of what’s to come at Machu Picchu itself. These ruins are steeped in mystery, history, and cultural significance, adding depth to your journey.

Challenging Terrain

The trails are demanding, with steep ascents, descents, and narrow paths that require focus and stamina. Expect sections that push your physical limits, particularly the high mountain passes. However, the sense of achievement at the end of each day is well worth the effort.

Final Thoughts

Hiking from Cusco to Machu Picchu is a journey of a lifetime. With a range of routes catering to different skill levels and preferences, you’re sure to find a trail that fits your adventure style. By preparing well, choosing the right route, and understanding what to expect, you can ensure your Cusco to Machu Picchu hike is a safe, memorable, and awe-inspiring adventure. Whether it’s the Inca Trail’s historic pathways, the Salkantay Trek’s dramatic peaks, or the cultural richness of the Lares Trek, this journey offers a unique glimpse into Peru’s natural beauty and ancient heritage.