Dark Mode

The utilization of dark mode, or "dark theme," has gained increasing popularity in recent years. This display mode has even become the default choice for most smartwatches. However, it is noteworthy that screens were initially black. The first personal computers with integrated screens, launched in 1977, featured entirely black backgrounds. At that time, the screens were equipped with cathode-ray tubes, and the phosphorescent layer was green, resulting in green text on a black background.

Over time and with technological advancements, light mode screens began to dominate the market. Experts generally agree that light mode is more ergonomic and comfortable for users. This transition to light mode was influenced by several factors, including the anatomy of the human eye. Indeed, our pupils adjust based on the amount of available light, which can make reading on a dark screen more challenging.

Studies have even been conducted to measure the impact of dark mode on reading. An experiment carried out in 2013 showed that performance was significantly better with light mode. White letters on a black background can create a luminous halo around the text, making reading blurrier and less pleasant.

Dark mode has experienced a resurgence in popularity in recent years, particularly due to major technology companies like Google and Apple incorporating it into their operating systems. But why this renewed interest in a feature that existed in the early days of computing?

Several reasons account for this. First, dark mode has become a popular aesthetic choice, often associated with a certain idea of luxury or modernity. Applications like Discord and Spotify have also contributed to its popularization by using it as the default display mode. Moreover, there exists a common belief that dark mode is easier on the eyes, although studies have shown that this is not necessarily the case.

However, dark mode does offer some undeniable advantages. It emits less blue light, which can be beneficial for sleep quality, as blue light can disrupt the production of melatonin, the sleep hormone. Additionally, dark mode is more energy-efficient, especially with OLED screens where each pixel is individually lit. Although the energy savings are not as significant as some might think, they can be meaningful on a larger scale.

Regarding readability, light mode appears to have an advantage, particularly when characters are small. Studies have shown that reading is faster and more accurate in light mode. However, the choice between light mode and dark mode can also be a matter of personal preference. Some developers and traders prefer dark mode because it better highlights colors, which is useful for charts and coding.

Ultimately, the use of light or dark mode may depend on the context. Light mode is generally preferable during the day for better readability, while dark mode may be more appropriate in the evening to minimize exposure to blue light. Modern devices often allow for automatic switching between the two based on the time of day.

For those with specific medical conditions like cataracts or photophobia, continuous use of dark mode may help reduce light exposure and alleviate symptoms. In the end, the choice between light mode and dark mode depends on various factors, including your specific needs and personal preferences.