History of first human heart transplantation

Just 52 years ago, on December 3, 1967, Christian Barnard had his first heart transplant made by Louis Washkansky, 54, in Cape Town, South Africa. After surgery, he suffered from ischemic cardiomyopathy and was hospitalized. Heart attack Louis Waskansky, 54, who suffers from ischemic cardiomyopathy, is in hospital with a heart attack. Christian Barnard, a surgeon trained at the University of Cape Town in the United States, performed the first implant. Asked to be a surgeon at the National Heart Institute in London, Christian Barnard returned to South Africa for heart surgery and underwent his first heart operation in 1967.

While in Richmond, Drs. Barnard was interested in Drs. Lawers, on the subject of conversion and careful study of the machine, eventually became interested in the idea that it could move the heart of the first person. On December 3, 1967, Drs. Barnard found a patient who gave his name to Louis Washkansky and, based on what he had learned in Richmond with MCV, successfully transformed the first human heart into one in the world. and South Africa.

On November 1, 1984, Cooley and colleagues performed the first heart transplant on an 8-month-old boy with end-of-life heart disease due to endocardial fibroelastosis, the first successful infant attempt since Kantrowitz's unsuccessful attempt in December. 1967. It was performed at Maimonides Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, and the baby stayed six hours [1919 Kantrowitz A, Haller JD, Joos H, Cerruti MM, Carstensen HE. The first heart transplant in Colombia, performed by Drs. Reemtsma in 1977, allowed the patient to live for 14 months.

In 1968, 104 blood transfusions were given, but only ten patients remained. In 1968 there were about 100 surgeons in the world. 102 implants include implants here in the United States in San Francisco, Chicago, and New York, but clinical results have been disappointing. Colombia currently produces about 50 adults and 15 children a year. At the beginning of the 21st century, Columbia's temporary transit system costs between 100 and 120 hearts a year; In 2005, a record number of transformations by the central unit was established.

Pioneer studies and continuous cardiac implant programs, which include the first use (2001) of left ventricular assist equipment (LVADs) as an effective means for depressed patients who are unfit to walk. Scientists, physicians, and engineers coordinate heart-building efforts with ventricular assistants (VADs) for the implantation of patients as a long-term solution or bridge. short until they find a donor. As the number of donors did not increase significantly, the number of patients seeking transplants continued to increase and cardiac arrest became legal.

Twice in 1977, the heterotopic heart of Christian (Chris) Barnard changed when the patient's left ventricle was severely broken after open-heart surgery but without a donor organ. Christian Nietrin Barnard came up with the idea of ​​ectopic implants (or "compounds"), which leave the patient's heart in place and add to the donor heart, which raises "doubts". When the first kidney transplant was successfully performed in the United States in 1953, Barnard received a second kidney transplant in his home country of South Africa in October 1967, and his first in Johannesburg last year. She sowed the future work of Professor Christian Barnard when one of her patients gave birth to a child with a broken heart. After ten years of heart surgery, a South African doctor and his team of 30 heart surgeons (including his brother Marius) were better equipped for nine hours of surgery.

Meanwhile, Christian Barnard, a young South African surgeon, went to Richmond for three months to see and learn from heart surgeons. Surgeon Christian Barnard led a team of 30 surgeons to perform the first transformation of Louis Washkansky and a Cape Town girl. The first heart transplant has become a world-famous medical event and surgeon Christian Barnard is well-known for it. On December 3, 1967, a large hospital, nurses, and surgeons led by surgeon Christian Barnard made the world's first contact with a person at Grootshull Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Keith Rimtsma, president of the University of Columbia Department of Surgery, began the transplant program in 1971 and performed his first implant in 1977 at Presbyterian Hospital (now New York-Presbyterian Hospital). In January 1968, Drs. Shumway did the first translation at Stanford; the patient stayed for 18 days. Cooley first breathed a sigh of relief in 1968, followed by Lillehay in 1969 and Barnard in 1971, all without success. Table of the Year Connection Number Monthly Survival 1 1-year Survival 2 2 year survival 1968 102 54 19 10 1969 48 28 7 6 1970 16 10 4 3 Total 166 92 30 15 (open Christian event) Barnard, and Stanford programs ( run by Norman Shumway), Virginia Medical College, and La Piti Hospital in Paris, are the only major heart transplant centers in the heart transplant experience.