Bipolar Disorder: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More (cont)

According to statistics, both men and women are equally likely to suffer from bipolar disorder. However, there are noticeable differences depending on the biological sex assigned from birth. Understanding these differences may help experts accurately diagnose patients and provide them with a more tailored treatment plan.

Note: It’s important to understand the difference between sex and gender. The following information will address the biological sexes assigned at birth (female and male) and not gender.

Sex: Refers to biological characteristics, such as chromosomes and reproductive organs (woman assigned at birth or male assigned at birth).

Gender: Expresses the identity of an individual (transgender, genderfluid, nonbinary etc).

The difference between sex and gender is important to better understand how bipolar disorder impacts bigger groups of people differently.

Bipolar Disorder in Biological Females

Females are usually diagnosed later in life when compared to males. In most cases women usually get diagnosed with bipolar disorder in their 20s or 30s . In some women, the first symptoms of bipolar disorder appear while they are pregnant or after giving birth. For these cases, bipolar II is more common.

The noticeable difference that separates them from males is that it’s more common for females to experience hypomanic episodes. Females also experience more depressive episodes than men. Rapid cycling (experiencing 4 or more episodic shifts a year) is more common among females.

Bipolar disorder relapsing (experiencing a mood episode after a period of remission) is also more common among females. This is due to their frequent hormonal fluctuations, pregnancy, menstruation and menopause.

Bipolar Disorder in Biological Males

Males with bipolar disorder have slightly different symptoms. They are more likely to be diagnosed earlier in life. Males are also more likely to be diagnosed with type I bipolar disorder. There’s also a higher chance for males to have worsened symptoms due to the high rates of substance use disorder among males with bipolar disorder. During a manic episode, it’s more common for males to become aggressive in comparison to females.

Scientists continue to research more on how sex impacts the manifestation of bipolar disorder in individuals. This is done in the hopes of better treatment plans and an advanced understanding of the condition.

Bipolar Disorder Symptoms in Children and Teenagers

Diagnosing bipolar disorder among children and teens is more challenging as symptoms are different when compared to adults. It’s important to note that children might not show clear symptoms of bipolar disorder. Mood changes and episodic shifts may also not align with that of an adult with bipolar disorder. There are also instances where symptoms of bipolar can be mixed up with symptoms of other mental health conditions such as ADHD, for example.

Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder in Children

Children with bipolar disorder can, in some cases, experience some symptoms that are also present in adults. Although mood changes are often considered a normal part of child behavior, those that are caused by bipolar disorder are more visible and usually impact the child’s day to day functioning.

Manic Symptoms:

Having a difficult time concentrating

Engaging in dangerous behavior

Frequently changing topic

Talking too fast

Trouble with sleeping habits without getting tired

Displaying irritability

Anger outbursts

Depressive Symptoms:

Frequent crying

Unexplained and continuous sadness

Changes in appetite and sleeping patterns

Feeling guilty or worthless

Loss of interest in hobbies and activities

Physical pain such as headaches or stomach pain

Thoughts of death

Keep in mind that these symptoms are not definite for bipolar disorder in children. If these symptoms are present, there’s also a possibility that the child might suffer from another mental health disorder or a mix between bipolar disorder and another condition. Reach out to a medical expert to properly track the child’s symptoms and come to an accurate diagnosis.

Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder in Teenagers

Changes in behavior in teenagers is common due to hormonal changes and life adjustments during puberty. However, extreme mood fluctuations or taking part in life-threatening behaviors might increase the chances of a teenager having bipolar disorder. Symptoms become more easily identifiable in later adolescence.

Manic Symptoms:

Risk-taking behaviors

Substance use

Elevated mood

Sleep disturbances

Irritability

Unprotected and frequent partaking in sexual activity

Difficulty concentrating

Depressive Symptoms:

Continuous sadness

Social withdrawal

Changes in sleep and appetite

Thoughts of death or suicide

Some behaviors such as curiosity to try different substances, and being more interested in sex, are normal among teens. However, if there are recognizable patterns, then it might need further attention.

Pointing out bipolar symptoms in children and teens can be complicated. But if you see any visible patterns and conclude that it’s disrupting the child’s daily functioning, then it’s best to talk to a healthcare professional specializing in pediatric mental health.

Also, stay tuned for the next part.

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