Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty

At the same time, nuclear physicist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Joseph Roblatt stated that any missile defense system "can become saturated with more missiles, and offensive missiles are much cheaper than defensive missiles." Missile defense can also increase nuclear risk by curtailing arms control and encouraging Russia and China to develop new and different types of weapons; Stopping this mobility is the root cause of restricting the ABM treaty. Russia has repeatedly said that any future arms control agreement should include a ban on missile defense, and may withdraw from the new START as US defenses expand.

And on March 1, Russian President Vladimir Putin announced plans to deploy several new nuclear systems that could evade US missile defense, including nuclear-powered cruise missiles and underwater drones. The United States is developing a naval interceptor that could theoretically intercept strategic missiles and plans to deploy hundreds of them over the next few years.

Since withdrawing from the "Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty" in 2002, the United States has deployed only 44 land-based interceptors. This fact should give Russia confidence that the United States missile defense contract is aimed at North Korea, North Korea, and other rogue countries, not Russia. ... Russian leaders certainly understand that Russia has deployed more defense interceptors than the United States and that its S-400 and S-500 air defense systems are comparable to American theater missile defense systems. We can and should defend our homeland by developing a multi-layered missile defense system, which would violate the provisions of the ABM Treaty. My Law confirms that since 1972, the national security of the United States has changed tremendously.

The new threats affect states with significantly fewer missiles with less accuracy, power, reliability, and range. The logic of the treaties was to phase out the two superpowers' anti-missile defense systems, leaving them open to nuclear counter-attacks, as well as to determine the destructive potential of each side. America's withdrawal from the treaty was motivated by a desire to build and deploy a long-range missile defense system that would protect the country from attacks by rogue states such as North Korea.

Six months later, the United States officially withdrew from the "Medium-Range Ground Defense (GMD) Treaty". Then, in 2002, President George W. Bush abandoned the logic of the ABM treaty, abandoned it, and announced that the United States would deploy the first batch of new Centerline Ground Defense (GMD) interceptors in less than two years. , The United States hopes to develop advanced missile defense systems with some theoretical capabilities to combat strategic ballistic missiles. Therefore, it entails an agreement to ensure that these systems are not restricted by the treaty. The treaty prohibits the development, testing, or deployment of mobile missile defense systems at sea, air, space, or land.

The agreement limited each side to two missile defense sites, with no more than a hundred missile defense launchers and interceptors at each site. Together, these states can deploy a single missile defense point permitted by the treaty. In 1974, a protocol was added to the treaty, limiting each party to one missile defense facility.

Moscow has been trying to abide by the treaty for at least ten years, severely limiting the possibilities of space tests. Meanwhile, Washington has tried to stick to the treaty for as long as ten years and expect fewer restrictions on space testing of foreign technologies. The events of the late 1980s and early 1990s took everyone by surprise.

However, US interest in SDI remained with George H. Sh. During the years of the Bush administration, and lasting until the collapse of the Soviet Union, both the United States and the Soviet Union have shown interest in at least maintaining the spirit of the ABM Treaty. At a summit between the United States and the Soviet Union in Moscow on May 26, 1972, US President Richard M. Nixon and Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev discussed the 1969–72 Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT I) as well as the ABM Treaty. signed. In late May 1972, former President Richard M. Nixon visited Moscow and signed the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) systems, among other things.

In the ABM Treaty, the United States and the Soviet Union agree that each may have only two missile defense deployment areas, so limited and locate in such a way that they cannot provide national missile defense protection or a development base. can become. In the Treaty on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems, the United States and the Soviet Union agree that they can each have only two Missile Defense Deployment Areas 1, so limited and located in such a way that they are national Missile defense cannot provide protection. or become the backbone. for development. The treaty does not require both sides to establish a national strategic missile defense system and severely limits the development and deployment of defensive missiles.

The discussion focused on the testing and deployment of new defense systems, theater missile defense, and anti-tactical ballistic missiles (ABMs). These missiles are designed to intercept ballistic missiles. Deployment of these missiles would make it a dead letter and reduce the effectiveness of the treaty. The discussion particularly focused on the distinction between theater ballistic missiles and strategic ballistic missiles, as the ABM Treaty limits only the latter, although there is no clear technical distinction between the two categories. In October 1985, the Reagan administration announced a new interpretation of the "Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty". According to the treaty, the development and testing of "foreign" missile defense systems (not mentioned in the treaty, such as Star Wars) would not be subject to any restrictions. ,

Like Reagan, opponents of the ABM Treaty believed that its sanctions were based on unilateral agreements that allowed the Soviet Union to retain its quantitative advantage, as seen in SALT II. However, only three years later did the Reagan administration sign the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty. His proposal to make nuclear ballistic missiles ineffective and obsolete through the Strategic Defense Program (SDI), a space-based missile defense system commonly known as Star Wars, has generated much controversy in the country and the Soviet Union. There is a deeper reason in the union. Awareness.

As long as the United States did not withdraw from the ABM Treaty, it contributed to strategic stability and helped to build the momentum by which further reductions in the nuclear arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union were possible. The treaty stated that their intention was "to end the nuclear arms race as soon as possible and to take effective measures to reduce strategic weapons, nuclear disarmament, and general and complete disarmament". He further said both sides wanted to contribute to "building trust between the states".

The agreement states that both parties may terminate the agreement by mutual agreement or unilaterally with six months' notice. President George W. Bush's official announcement marked the beginning of six months for the agreement to be terminated.

Although Washington turned to missile defense, Russia again agreed to limit its nuclear arsenal, this time from 6,000 warheads deployed in strategic offensive weapons as part of the Moscow Treaty, to a new, smaller range of its strategic To reduce the nuclear arsenal - from 1,700 to 2,200 weapons deployed