What is the top priority for preserving employment and business?

How to achieve China's employment target this year is of great concern to all walks of life - on the one hand, the number of college graduates has reached an all-time high, and on the other hand, real enterprises are facing practical difficulties under triple pressure. may have always been a key month for college graduates to choose employment, and the executive meeting of the State Council has been emphasizing the matter of stable employment, requiring fiscal Monetary policy to employment first as a guide to stabilize the economy in general. Around this background, what is the most urgent task to protect employment and enterprises? What is the main contradiction that needs to be grasped? What are the suggestions and opinions of the members?

Member of the CPPCC National Committee, the

Xiao Gang, former Chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission.

The small and micro enterprises orders of enterprises, their financial needs should be met more

There are many factors in the formation of employment pressure, we should seize the main contradiction. The new pneumonia epidemic has led to a reduction in direct consumption and an increase in savings, which in turn has led to a reduction in investment, which in turn may lead to a reduction in supply, followed by a reduction in employment and income, which will eventually lead back to a reduction in consumption. Therefore, we should not talk about employment in terms of employment.

Employment has structural problems, the main contradiction is in the tertiary industry, where 356 million jobs are gathered, and the Internet platform and small and micro enterprises are directly related to employment. We found that compared to the decrease in offline sales in 2020, this year presents a situation of a double decrease in online and offline sales. In addition, some industry players talk about the gap between increasing credit and the needs of enterprises. In my opinion, many problems cannot be solved by increasing credit; here, we also include problems such as enterprises not having orders and expensive rent.

In the past, we have been promoting financial inclusion to support small and micro enterprises, and their capital needs are at the level of several hundred thousand yuan on average. At present, can we also give more consideration to a certain amount of inclusive financial support policies for these enterprises that give orders to small and micro enterprises? These enterprises may need a larger amount of capital, the risk is also higher, we need to innovate the way services to financial "living water" to stabilize these enterprises, and thus stabilize the orders of small and micro enterprises.

Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

Liu Shangxi, President of the Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences.

Consumption vouchers have a multiplier effect on the pull of consumption

Look at the employment issue from a circular perspective. During the industrialization period, a job is considered employment, and a jobless job is considered unemployment. Digital platforms seem to have no jobs but have income. But platform companies must keep providing orders for them. This type of employment will grow in the future, so the definition of employment has to be readjusted. It is important to look at it from an income perspective, not just from a job perspective.

Under the new epidemic conditions, it is important to restore confidence in the digital platform, which is an important step to stabilize employment at the moment. Because the supply and marketing channels of many small and micro enterprises, individual farmers, and other market players are inseparable from digital platforms, many flexibly employed people obtain income and rely on digital platform enterprises. I think there is room to adjust and optimize the regulatory policy for digital platform enterprises. In addition, we can now consider issuing consumption vouchers, which have a multiplier effect on consumption, more than the pulling effect of investment.

Member of the CPPCC National Committee and

Liu Mingzhong, chairman of China Yizhong Group.

Without growth, there is no room to absorb more employment

On the one hand, it is suggested that we should make efforts to "stabilize growth", which is the main contradiction and the most urgent task we need to seize because there is no room to absorb more employment without growth. In particular, as a large state-owned manufacturing enterprise, involving industrial chains and supply chains are long, we must do everything possible to stabilize growth by building mechanisms, budget protection, risk control, and other measures, to drive and stabilize the stability of the downstream industrial chains and supply chains of market players. In recent years, we have pushed the measures to stabilize growth into practice, and the total profit, operating income, and other economic indicators have increased year-on-year, and the enterprise has maintained a good state of development and a harmonious and stable workforce. In particular, we have increased our efforts to collaborate and support products in the northeast region and implemented the "One Heavy Industrial Park" model, which has increased the proportion of local support from less than 20% a few years ago to 60% at present, thus strongly driving and supporting the development of downstream supply chain enterprises.

On the other hand, it is suggested that enterprises and the government should make joint efforts to promote employment. We should play the role of central enterprises and other large enterprises, and work together with the government to stabilize existing employment, actively increase new employment, and find ways to promote re-employment of the unemployed. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, China Yizhong has responded to the call of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council and the Heilongjiang Provincial Government to stabilize employment by taking out auxiliary positions and temporary positions to employ laborers through the special arrangement of the central enterprises' anti-epidemic employment stabilization campaign. At the same time, by the development needs of enterprises to expand the introduction and reserve of various types of talent, the spring recruitment can not face to face with students to promote the situation, the company will be "digital" and "intelligent" into the traditional human resources recruitment work, open online "Cloud mode", build new channels to recruit and stabilize employment, widely publicize the company's recruitment plan through various types of seminars and recruitment network platforms, and actively participate in the large-scale network recruitment activities organized by CIIC and CIC. At the same time, it releases recruitment information on recruitment platforms such as universities and local university employment and entrepreneurship service centers, adopts the mode of mainly online recruitment, constantly enriches the content of "online" publicity, increases the scale and frequency of online recruitment, and directly contacts students who meet the recruitment conditions by phone or video, turning passive consultation into the active attack.

Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference

Jin Li, Acting Vice President of Southern University of Science and Technology.

Guiding fresh graduates to become cross-composite talents

It is suggested that enterprises that do not lay off employees or increase employment should be given priority in providing loans as a financial guarantee for stable employment, and the future principal and interest repayments can be offset against taxes. It is not recommended to increase unemployment benefits or give out money directly, but to use work-for-hire to get these people moving and not disconnected from society.

Multiple internal and external pressures are transmitted, superimposed on the fact that the number of college graduates has exceeded 10 million for the first time. In this context, it is recommended that colleges and universities in a position to do so should urgently mobilize for the expansion of graduate and dual degree enrollment to increase the time students spend in school.

If the enrollment of graduate degrees has passed the deadline, consider increasing the enrollment of dual degree or major/minor programs, so that these students can stay in school for one or two more years to survive this crisis and continue to improve their human capital to learn more technologies to better cope with the future job market without wasting this time. A large number of industries now need digital transformation and a large number of related talents. We can use this opportunity to digitally upgrade a large number of graduates and send some fresh graduates to universities with the conditions for data management, computer, big data, and other related majors to train cross-composite talents through the "+ digital" approach. Also through school-enterprise cooperation, part of the time to study in school, and part of the time in the enterprise internship, by the state provides certain internship subsidies.

At the same time, it is recommended that the relevant departments should carefully study the use of colleges and universities with the conditions to pilot a short-term crash course in social governance systems, especially special studies in social risk prevention and control. In about three months to enhance the basic concepts of social risk prevention and control and basic general knowledge of regulatory policies for recent college graduates. Those who pass the examination after training will be coordinated by the relevant departments to plan and selected to work at the grassroots level to promote the risks of residents. The performance appraisal of their work is used as an important reference in the future selection of civil servants and reassignment. According to our calculations, a qualified fresh graduate can be on the job in about 3 months through a combination of online and offline training. If the next 9 months are on the job, they can postpone their formal employment by one year. If we allocate one social risk advocate per 20,000 residents on average, the country's 1.4 billion population can be allocated about 70,000, close to 1% of recent college graduates, partially relieving the pressure on the job market. This group of people will have a stronger sense of risk prevention if they formally enter the social governance system in the future.