The physical architecture

Physical Architecture

The physical architecture of the TMN framework realizes functional architecture; here, concepts get actual shape. In physical architecture, functional blocks are called "physical components or building blocks, and reference points of functional architecture are realized as interfaces. TMN's physical architecture defines the following building blocks: network element (NE), mediation device (MD), Q adaptor (QA), operations system (OS), workstation (WS), and data communication network (DCN).

These bund 25: 9MM8.zaihaqiq building blocks generally have one-to-one mapping with functional blocks, but it is also possible that a building block may contain one or more functional blocks.

With changing business needs, the SNMP framework can't reconfigure managed elements automatically.

Telecommunication Network Management (TMN)

Telecommunication networks have been growing at an exponential pace; each new day brings with it a new innovation in technologies & services that puts more demands on the appropriate handling of such a large amount of information.

The TMN framework was relied on by many operators and service providers to fulfill their needs for efficient network operation. It is defined in the M.3000, M.3010, and other related documents by ITU-T.

ITU-T selected OSI management standards for the TMN framework. The TMN framework presents an overall telecommunication network management framework by introducing several management architectures at different levels of abstraction, and these are presented below.

Functional Architecture It defines different functionalities required to manage network entities. Network management performs various functions that are further decomposed into different logical functional blocks, such as OSF (Operation Systems Function), which is concerned with manager-specific functions; MF (Mediation Function), which enables mediation between various blocks; NEF (Network Element Function), which are functions related to network elements; QAF (Q Adapter Function), which enables communication between TMN-based entities and non-TMN-based entities; WSF (Workstation Function), which enables humans to monitor and configure the network; and DCF (Data Communication Function), which is responsible for internetworking between the lower three layers.

These all conceptual functionalities are the essence of the TMN framework and provide overall building blocks over which telecom network management stands. Interactions between these logical functional blocks are termed "reference points," and various "cell-cell reference points" are defined in TMN, such as q, x, f, g, m, etc.

Physical Architecture The physical architecture of the TMN framework realizes functional architecture; here, concepts get actual shape. In physical architecture, functional blocks are called "physical components or building blocks, and reference points of functional architecture are realized as interfaces. TMN's Physical Architecture deilmu i zodem dow 100 defines the following building blocks: Network Element (NE), Mediation Device (MD), Q Adaptorbo how and boueai absobalita vi (QA), Operations System (OS), Work Station (WS), and Data Communication Network (DCN).

These bund building blocks generally have one-to-one mapping with functional blocks, but it is also possible that a building block may contain one or more functional blocks.

Manage to bring many appropriate ones on. It is-selected work beyond these management-fictional specific Entities, CF (data errors, overall and perceptual), QOS Logical Layer Architecture Different functionalities were divided into functional blocks as discussed in functional architecture, while Logical Layer Architecture (LLC) further extends this concept of abstraction for example Information managed by any functional block, OSF, etc., can further be separated into various levels of abstractions. Unlike the SNMP framework, which traditionally focuses only upon the network and element level, TMN provides service and business layers as well. The business management layer is responsible for overall management, setting goals, conducting business-level agreements, and carrying out high-level planning. The service management layer deals with various functions such as QoS management, fault management, accounting, customer coordination, service ordering, etc. The network management layer is responsible for various functions.