Biological Psychology

This is the concluding article of the series of articles that dealt with the brain and pain. We will pick up exactly where I left off from the last article. There is an idea known as Chronic pain syndrome that individuals experience chronic pain and are disabled by this pain. Persistent pain for they are constantly flinching due to these feelings. There is a place that called a 'Chronic Pain Clinic' that uses a behavioral approach and makes the person feel isolated from the family and resources for this 'clinic' removes the enablers from the patient. People will self medicate themselves for chronic pain and this could excerberate (make worse) the pain they feel. You must understand the reasons for taking the medicines for the pain. One must 'detox' or reduce the medicines to the lowest possible levels and increase activity that changes the attention where the pain is not felt as much or not at all. Relaxation does help to keep the pain away. We will make a behavioral schema that changes the focus from the pain to what's around the patient.

The patient will learn to go from the edge of the bed and stand up and then begin to walk around the bed to the bathroom moving on to a more manageable activity level. Then the patient will learn ways to adapt and cope with the pain. In a way this will teach decreased arousal and increased concentration. There are multiple steps to a reduced pain level along with the amount of disability and increasing healthy behaviors. The person must also change the family dynamics some ways. One must take control of self-control for one can live with pain.

Chronic pain can produce a condition that makes sleep unsatisfying and causes one to have a low affect and withdraw from life. This leads to depression and the chronic pain system is not treated. There is what is known as Input Transduction Transmission to the brain where output systems which makes things happen like the control of movement allows the function of bone, muscle, joint and tendon information. The sensory input is very rich for all of these sensors. The brain tracks where the muscles are hard-working that could cause strain and the position of the body and its intent. The brain keeps track of all this. To the muscles the action potentials as the muscles contract. No matter how complex the movement a person named Sherrington has found the final common pathway. Contracting and non-contracting and gathering the white matter to the brain and the bi-polar cells to the spinal cord make contact. There is what is known as the Least complex reflex is when the tendon is stretched to the tightened muscle. A monosynaptic muscle reflex is when one movement as few synapses are possible. Go to an interneuron to the outside bisynaptic reflex arc. This is a three way that is quick and stable for quick and local movements to the control parts that the neurons are symmetrical and messages leave and come to various areas. Brain matter along with white myelinated gray body of cells.

Muscle control and movements are systems that build complexity of the muscles to the spinal cord and back to the muscles to the somasatic opposite side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are not identical, but are similar in ways. The brain increases and decreases simultaneously. Contralateral workings of the brain and body that are complex and continuous. The corpus callosum with an axon's information between the brain area show an interconnectedness in this way and only contract a certain amount that carries towards the censors.

Other ideas relating to pain and opiates

There is what is known as a Gamma reflex arc which is a bi-synaptic arc that is 3-contralateral sides somehow. The reflex alpha motor reflex is monosynaptic arc 2. Sherrington calls a final common pathway 'imposing information'. There are two sets of pryamdrial from the brain continuously and simultaneously formation improving the cortex motor system and the cortex basal ganglia to the cerebellum to the midbrain then the brain then the brain stem. Now an extrapryamidal system. The motor cortex is in charge of planning and sequencing movements and the extrapyramidal system is for smoothing and organizing the system. The EPS dysfunctions the metabolic toxins and the inhibitory slow/stop. The EPS input from the cerebellum (gravity) and the basal ganglia and the other areas -COEPS- the cortex originated in the extrapyramidal system.

We are back in the auditory system and the semicircular canals that allow movements and gravity to go in directions that have acceleration and rotation of movements that can also be smoothing out movements. Counselors will be the first to deal with epilepsy in the early onset which is not always easy to pick up on without a neuro-physical. The cortex is a cerebral somata-sensory area that is 2 1/2 to 3 millimeters (not sure of this measurement). It has three areas for planning of motivation and movement, planning and initiation of behaviors; sequence; initiating behavior.

The Pyramidal system initiates behavior to what needs to be done. The general schema is an organized plan of action. There is what is known as apraxia that means that no missing or appropriate behavior is absent or limited. This is a neurological dysfunction that begins before anyone picks up on it. The cerebellum is the first to process and several adaptations are made. Chemicals that were sent was made a computation of the action potential to all for the many changes to be made and the cerebellum allows these things to happen from membranes to membranes through electrical transmission that allow this to be quick where transmitters are involved in the cerebellum. The basal ganglia is organized at several different pieces of the brain which are the claudate nucleus, the putanen globus halius and the substantia nigra that goes to the corpus structure and to elaborate the control system for sharing and planning information with the cortex and the thalamus and the hypothalamus that is particularly associated with transmitters of all kinds and the movements of the body.

So this ends all about Pain and the Opiates and the related Auditory system.