Where is the top of the core of the Qinling Mountains?

On April 20, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping went to Shaanxi for inspection and research. at the first stop, he chose to go to Niubeiliang National Nature Reserve to inspect the ecological protection of Qinling Mountains. At Yueliangya in Niubeiliang, he overlooked the main peak of Niubeiliang in Qinling Mountains. He said affectionately: "Qinling Harmony between the north and the south, and the world is the central water tower of our country, the ancestral vein of the Chinese nation and an important symbol of Chinese culture."

Zumai Qinling Central Water Tower

There is an unusual mountain range.

It connects the Loess Plateau to the north and the Sichuan Basin to the south.

The momentum is majestic and lies in the middle of China.

It also brings significant differences between the north and the south.

From eating habits to climate differences

Are closely related to it, it is the Qinling Mountains.

The word Qinling originally refers to Nanshan, the ancient capital of Chang'an.

Many literatures point out that the Qinling Mountains is called Zhongnan Mountain.

Ban Gu in the Fu of Xidu in the Eastern Han Dynasty

Describe the geographical location of Chang'an, the imperial capital of the Western Han Dynasty:

"the Qinling Mountains, the northern Fu, the hijackers, according to the dragon head"

This is the first time that the word "Qinling" appears in ancient documents.

With the changes of the times

The meaning of the word "Qinling" is also constantly changing.

In a broad sense, the Great Qinling Mountains stretches about 1600 kilometers from east to west.

The mountain area is about 400000 square kilometers.

A schematic map / source of the location of the Great Qinling Mountains: a brief History of the Qinling Mountains

Total area of the Great Qinling Mountains

Accounts for about 4% of the country's total land area.

Forest coverage is about 60%.

Forest area is more than 350 million mu

It accounts for more than 10% of the total forest area of the country.

It is also the life source of the Chinese nation.

Qinling water supports more than 10 percent of the country's population.

The Great Qinling Mountains are shouldered by two great countries of abundance.

Guanzhong Plain and Chengdu Plain

Protecting two thousand-year-old capitals.

Chang'an and Luoyang.

A brief History of the Qinling Mountains from the Global Map / Source of the Qinling Mountains

More than 6000 species of animals and plants

More than 120 species of animals and rare plants are protected at the national level

It is also a "natural Chinese medicine storehouse".

Among them, giant panda, crested ibis, antelope and golden monkey

It is known as the "four treasures of the Qinling Mountains".

The giant panda of the four treasures of the Qinling Mountains, the crested ibis of the four treasures of the Qinling Mountains, the antelope of the four treasures of the Qinling Mountains, and the golden monkey of the four treasures of the Qinling Mountains.

The Great Qinling Mountains are also two mother rivers.

The birthplace of many important tributaries of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River

Among them, Weihe River, the largest tributary of the Yellow River,

Han River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River and its important tributaries

Both the Jialing River and the Minjiang River originated in the Great Qinling Mountains.

The Water of the Qinling Mountains

Nourish the six provinces and one city of Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Henan, Hubei, Qinghai and Chongqing

And because of the start-up of the middle route of the South-to-North Water transfer Project

And benefit the people of dozens of cities in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and Zhengzhou.

The construction of the Great Qinling Mountains and the Yellow River, Yangtze River and Huaihe River

"one mountain and three rivers" zone

It is the root and backbone of Chinese civilization.

Chinese civilization originates from this, benefits from this, and lasts forever.

The Great Qinling Mountains can be called the ancestral vein of China and the central water tower.

And an important symbol of Chinese culture.

Qinling business card antelope home

Compared with the broad sense of the Great Qinling Mountains

Now, in a narrow sense, Qinling refers to a section in Shaanxi Province.

Some people also think that it is Zhongnanshan.

Zhongnan Mountain is also known as Taiyi Mountain, Taiyi Mountain, Zhongnan Mountain, or Nanshan for short.

Part of the main ridge of the Qinling Mountains

It condenses the essence of ecology and humanities in the Great Qinling Mountains.

Among the many nature reserves in the Qinling area

There is a well-known reserve.

It is mainly protected by Qinling antelope and its habitat.

Niubeiliang national nature reserve in Shaanxi province.

Niubeiliang Nature Reserve

Located in the middle of Qinling Mountains and the main vein of Zhongnan Mountain.

Across the north and south slopes of the main ridge of the Qinling Mountains

The total area is 16418 hectares.

The main peak Niubeiliang is 2802 meters above sea level.

It is the highest peak and the main habitat of antelope in the eastern part of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province.

It gets its name because it looks like a cow's back.

As an important part of "Qinling Nature Reserve Group"

The Niubeiliang Nature Reserve retains the complete Quaternary glacier remains.

There are rare animal and plant resources such as antelope, yew, yew and so on.

It is the gene pool of species inheritance.

It has been identified as one of the 40 highest priority biodiversity reserves.

It is a member of the World Network of Biosphere reserves.

Where is the geographical indication of Zhongnan Mountain?

The business card of the Great Qinling Mountains and the cover of Zhongnan Mountain.

Antelope herd

Antelope

In biological classification, it belongs to the subfamily Bovidae and Sheep.

Is a large cloven-hoofed animal inhabiting alpine and subalpine areas.

In China, it is mainly distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan and other places.

It is listed as a vulnerable species by the World Union for Conservation of Nature.

Among the four subspecies of antelope

The 1960s

The antelope is listed as the first-class protected wild animal in the country.

Qinling antelope subspecies Qinling antelope

It is the largest of the four antelope subspecies.

Has very obvious characteristics of sexual dimorphism.

It is mainly reflected in individual size and coat color.

Male individuals can weigh up to 350 kg

The female weighs only about 250 kilograms.

Antelopes like to eat tender bamboo strips and leaves, which are distributed in the same region as giant pandas.

Qinling antelope with short and loose coat

Most females are white or grayish white

The male is yellow, white or golden.

It has beautiful appearance, strong appreciation, tough horns and graceful curves.

It has the laudatory name of golden antelope and white sheep.

Before the 1980s

Due to human deforestation and mass hunting and other reasons

The population of Qinling antelope decreased sharply.

In 1980, the Shaanxi provincial government approved the establishment of Niubeiliang Nature Reserve.

In 1988, it was upgraded to the national level with the approval of the State Council.

Establishment of Niubeiliang Nature Reserve

The first is to protect the Qinling antelope, which is endemic, rare and endangered in China.

Now the number of antelopes in the reserve

It has increased from more than 70 at the time of the establishment of the area to 350 at present.

The scope of distribution is expanding.

The altitude of the activity is also getting lower and lower.

At the same time, it also protected the middle part of Qinling Mountains.

Ecosystem and its biodiversity

And strategic water conservation areas.

Keep the ancestral pulse with the same qi and branches

Niubeiliang National Nature Reserve

With the scenic spot of the Qin-Chu Ancient Road in Zhongnan Mountain,

Niubeiliang National For