Hydrologic Cycle
"Important Steps Involved in Water Cycle"
Water Cycle
Introduction
Water is very essential material to support life on Earth. If we can say that the life would end if the water disappears from the Earth then there is no lie. 70% of the total Earth surface is covered with water while only 30% left for other landscapes. From this estimated we easily determine the importance of water in life. It helps to maintain the temperature of the Earth, support life and eliminate some toxic material from the Earth. Infect, it helps us in every day to day activities. So, this water should be replaced and circulated again and again on Earth to properly form its functions. The process in which water returns back to the Earth from the atmosphere and then again become part of the atmosphere called water cycle or simply known as hydrologic cycle (“Hydro” meaning “Water”). In this process water circulated between two bodies through its different stages (Solid, Liquid and Gas) and makes a full water cycle. There are four different spheres on Earth called atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. Let’s explain this water cycle step by step in those spheres. How it behaves and functions in every different sphere.
Effects of Water Cycle
• It helps to maintain the temperature of its surroundings
• It usually regulates the weather and climate and brings rain on Earth
• To a surprise, it also helps to convert hard rock into soil by erosion process
• Through this process, minerals easily circulates throughout the spheres
• Last but not the least, it also regulates and perform important role in the formation of some geological feature of the World like Glaciers, snow ice-caps, mountains, plateaus and some major plains
Steps involved in Water Cycle:
Some of the important steps that are involved in hydrologic process are discussed below;
Step 1: Evaporation
Evaporation is a process in which the water turns into gas by the process of heating. This is the first and foremost step of water cycle. Water from the Oceans turned into water vapors and become part of the atmosphere. But ever you think how this water turns into vapors without any force? The answer to this question is that the water present in Oceans, lakes, river or any other kind of water body absorbs heat that comes from Sun. This heat turns the liquid water into vapors (gas). When this water converges into vapors, they react with the air present in the atmosphere and helps in cloud formation. When rain happen this water ultimately return back to the Earth.
Step 2: Condensation
The process by which a gas turns into a liquid by applying high pressure is called “Condensation”. When vapors reach at higher altitude, the temperature starts decreasing. This decrease in temperature helps the vapors to turns into droplets. These droplets returns back in the form of rain. This whole phenomenon is called condensation.
Step 3: Sublimation
Sometimes a solid material converts into a gas without changing into a secondary state (Liquid). This happens in sublimation process. It is the third and most interesting process in water cycle. In this process the ice directly converts into water vapors without converting into liquid. Similarly the water vapors molds into ice without liquid formation. It happens in most cold areas like areas located at the North and South poles of the Earth. These areas are located at higher altitudes. When water evaporates and moves towards the atmosphere, there they face a low temperature and they directly convert into ice. That is why Polar Regions are always covered with snow.
Part 4: Transpiration
This is the last step and very similar to evaporation. In transpiration water turns into vapors by the help of plants without absorbing any heat from the Sun.
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Fatima Jamil
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Water Sources
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