Baran aladağ
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Mamluk dystany
Mamluk, also spelled Mameluke, slave soldier, a member of one of the armies of slaves established during the Abbasid era that later won political control of several Muslim states. Under the Ayyubid sultanate, Mamluk generals used their power to establish a dynasty that ruled Egypt and Syria from 1250 to 1517. The name is derived from an Arabic word for slave.
By Baran aladağ3 years ago in 01
Ayyubid history
The Ayyubid or Ayyoubid Dynasty was a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish[1] origins which ruled Egypt, Syria, Yemen (except for the Northern Mountains), Diyar Bakr, Mecca, Hejaz and northern Iraq in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The Ayyubids are also known as Ayoubites, Ayyoubites, Ayoubides, or Ayyoubides. Under Saladin, founder of the dynasty, Egypt became the leading Muslim state in the region. Saladin and his successors were also patrons of the arts and sciences, establishing religious schools, hospitals and introducing public education. They also built defensive fortifications, including the Cairo citadel. The Ayyubids are remembered for both fighting and negotiating with the Christian Crusaders. Saladin and al-Kamil signed treaties with the Crusaders, the latter returning Jerusalem to Christian rule for ten years. It was to the court of al-Kamil that Francis of Assisi traveled. The last Ayyubid ruler in Egypt was a woman, Shagarat Ad-Durr (Tree of Pearls), the first female to rule there since Cleopatra. What began with one of the most famous men in the world ended with one of the most famous women in Islamic history, although she is less well known outside the Muslim world. The Sultanate decentralized after Saladin’s death, which ultimately proved to be a fundamental weakness. It actually fell to descendants of slaves to whom Saladin had allowed a greater measure of freedom, the Mamluks. Although Cairo’s famous al-Azhar University had been founded by the Shi’a Fatimid Dynasty, it was under the Ayyubids that it became a leading center for Sunni scholarship, eventually gaining the reputation as the premier institute of learning in the Muslim world. On the one hand, the Ayyubids fought the Crusaders and aggressively evangelized among Shi’a and Christians. On the other, they gave refuge to Jews fleeing persecution elsewhere. Maimonides was Saladin’s physician.
By Baran aladağ3 years ago in 01
Saladin ayyoubi
As a soldier, a ruler, and a human being, Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi was a person of phenomenal attributes. The hero of hundreds of battles was the person who for 20 years braved the storm of the Crusaders and ultimately pushed them back. The world has hardly witnessed a more chivalrous and humane conqueror. His unmatchable battle tactics and gallantry as a soldier, heroic statesmanship and his strength of character won him the respect of even his foes. known for liberating the holy city of Jerusalem from the Crusaders. His chivalrous behavior was noted by Christian chroniclers, especially in the accounts of the siege of Kerak in Moab, and despite being the nemesis of the Crusaders he won the respect of many of them, including Richard the Lionheart; rather than becoming a hated figure in Europe, he became a celebrated example of the principles of chivalry. The Crusades represent the maddest and the longest war in the history of mankind, in which the storm of savage fanaticism of the Christian West burst in all its fury over western Asia. At the height of his power, he ruled over Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hijaz, and Yemen. History is full of his greatest achievements, but here, we are highlighting his two major achievements that are recognized not only by Muslim world but his enemies. One was the Wars against Crusaders and second was, the Capture of Jerusalem.
By Baran aladağ3 years ago in 01
European football
European Football: A Guide to the World's Most Popular Sport Football, or soccer as it's known in some parts of the world, is the most popular sport in the world, with an estimated 4 billion fans worldwide. The game is played in almost every country, with each region having its own unique style and approach to the sport. In Europe, football is not only the most popular sport but also a vital part of the continent's cultural fabric.
By Baran aladağ3 years ago in Humans
