Traffic Rules in Belgium: What Drivers and Visitors Should Know

If you're planning to drive in Belgium — whether as a tourist, a recent expat, or someone commuting through the country — it's important to understand how the traffic system works. Belgium may be small, but its road rules are strict, and enforcement is real. A few assumptions or misunderstandings can easily lead to fines or dangerous situations. That’s why we’ve put together a practical overview of what you need to know before hitting the road.

A full breakdown of rules and regional specifics can be found in the complete guide on WelcomeBelgium.

General Driving Behavior

Driving in Belgium is fairly orderly, but it varies depending on the region. In Flanders, drivers tend to be fast and efficient. In Wallonia, you may encounter more relaxed or unpredictable behavior. Brussels mixes both styles with some chaos thrown in. Either way, defensive driving is your friend.

Expect a lot of roundabouts, strict lane discipline on motorways, and plenty of speed cameras — both visible and hidden.

Speed Limits in Belgium

Speed limits are straightforward but strictly enforced:

• 50 km/h in built-up areas
• 70 km/h or 90 km/h on regional roads (check signs)
• 120 km/h on highways and motorways

If you're unsure of the limit, assume 50 km/h in towns and 90 km/h outside. Automatic speed cameras are everywhere — fixed, mobile, and even embedded in traffic lights. Fines start quickly and climb fast.

Priority to the Right: A Belgian Special

One of the most confusing rules for newcomers is the "priority to the right" rule. At intersections without clear signage, cars approaching from the right have the right-of-way — even if you’re on a wider or busier street.

This applies especially in residential areas and small towns. The logic is old-school, but the police still enforce it, and many locals still expect it.

Roundabouts and Highways

On roundabouts, cars already circulating usually have the right-of-way — unless signs indicate otherwise. Keep in mind that Belgians tend to use roundabouts aggressively. Signal your exits and avoid sudden braking.

On highways, stay right except when overtaking. Lane discipline is expected, and hogging the middle or left lane without reason can lead to fines or honking locals.

Alcohol and Driving

The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.5 g/l for most drivers and 0.2 g/l for professional drivers and those with less than two years of driving experience. Random alcohol checks are common, especially on weekends and holidays.

Refusing a test can result in serious consequences: fines, suspension, or even jail time in extreme cases. When in doubt — don’t drink and drive, even a little.

Mobile Phones, Seat Belts, and Safety Rules

Using a handheld phone while driving is strictly prohibited. Hands-free systems are allowed, but texting or holding your phone will get you a fine of several hundred euros.

Seat belts are mandatory for all passengers. Children must use age-appropriate child seats. Failing to follow this rule will cost you — and possibly your passengers’ safety.

Low Emission Zones (LEZ)

Major Belgian cities like Brussels, Antwerp, and Ghent operate Low Emission Zones (LEZ). These are areas where vehicles must meet certain emission standards to enter.

If your car is older, especially diesel, you may have to register online or pay a fee to access these zones. Cameras track license plates and issue automatic fines for violations.

Parking Rules and Blue Zones

Each municipality sets its own parking rules, so always check local signage. Blue zones require a parking disc, which you can find at gas stations or shops. Forget to use it, and you might return to a ticket — or worse, a wheel clamp.

In bigger cities, park in underground garages or Park & Ride facilities outside the center to avoid stress and high fees.

Driving Licenses in Belgium

If you’re from the EU or EEA, your driving license is valid in Belgium. If you're from outside the EU, you may need an International Driving Permit (IDP) alongside your national license.

For long-term stays, you might be required to exchange your license for a Belgian one, depending on bilateral agreements between Belgium and your country.

Mandatory Equipment in Your Vehicle

By law, your vehicle must carry the following at all times:

• A warning triangle
• A reflective safety vest (within reach, not in the trunk)
• A fire extinguisher (mandatory for Belgian-registered cars)
• A first-aid kit (strongly recommended)
• Spare bulbs (recommended)

Police can check for these during random roadside inspections.

Driving in Belgium is manageable and safe once you understand the key rules. Many signs and behaviors will feel familiar, especially if you've driven in Europe before. Still, certain quirks — like the priority to the right or complex LEZ rules — make it worth reading up in advance.

To explore more about Belgian life, regulations, and travel tips, head over to the WelcomeBelgium homepage.