How do beginners learn photography?

The reason we think photography is difficult. It's not that he can't really learn, but we don't treat it as a subject; We really see photography as a hobby, as a skill that makes us happy, that allows us to play well, that assists us in our daily lives and in our outings, rather than as a discipline. This is also a big reason why many people choose to learn the easy way and some choose to fall by the wayside. If we really treat this as a compulsory English language, a compulsory physical biology, then the community of photography will be larger and larger, and the community of good photographers will be larger and larger. First of all, what is the component of the SLR camera: it is composed of the body + lens, these two components. For the fuselage, we don't need to care too much about its structure and other information. We just need to make it take pictures and take good pictures. Above I drew four arrows, can remember ah, the left of the two arrows is to make you the most headache, but also the most likely to problem things, they two people usually present in the form of: card forgot to take, the battery forgot to take, yesterday took the card full no backup, the battery did not charge ……………… . It is important to remember that these four things are the points that we should pay attention to when we go out to take photos, and we should not just take them with us. We must check all these things in place before we go out. 1.0 How to Take a normal photo? Isn't that nonsense? Just press the shutter and you're done. If it were that easy, we wouldn't have to go out, just tell the camera what to shoot and let him go... . Here are a few features that we need to pay attention to: 1.1 -- Aperture this is the first camera term that many new people know, some mobile phones also have a large aperture mode, its existence can be said to be very important, is one of the iron triangle of exposure. So what does it look like? We know that the background is well blurred in the "big aperture" mode of the mobile phone, and the AI is changed into physical optics on the camera. Here, we can clearly see the difference between the background with a very large aperture and the background with a very small aperture. The larger the aperture, the better the blur the smaller the blur ⚠️ the number and size of the aperture is opposite, the smaller the number the larger the aperture, the larger the number the smaller the aperture. This important point can be said to allow us to adjust the "blur" effect so that the final image is the way we want it to be. , of course, it also can have, in the practical application of 01 can't slow shutter speed, iso couldn't be improved, we can sacrifice part of the picture content increasing aperture 02 1/8000 shutter speed has s, iso has the lowest, we can only narrow aperture, ensure the normal order of the picture exposure must not be limited to the background blur, we should to make the picture collapse; We want the panorama to be deep, so that the photos get blurred; Remember our goal: to take normal photos. 1.2 -- We are more familiar with the shutter: mobile phones more than ten or twenty years ago just had the function of taking pictures. When taking pictures, they would make a sound: "click", which actually imitates the closing sound of the camera's mechanical shutter. So what else do we know about this content besides sound? The faster the shutter speed, the clearer the figure; The slower the shutter speed, the less sharp the figure at the same speed becomes. This phenomenon usually occurs when taking photos during the day, as well as at night. We can understand it as a big bucket, and the normal exposure (brightness) we are shooting is the water we need to fill the bucket, so if it is dark and the photo still needs to reach the brightness that our naked eyes think is ok, what should we do? Let the water in the faucet run a little longer (the shutter speed is slower) or adjust the faucet size (the aperture is adjusted) so that our photos are still within the brightness of normal exposure. When the camera is dark, the flash will pop out, and professional cameras will slow down the shutter speed and make slow shutter opening and closing. Do not think that the camera is broken, the above paragraph can explain the problem of the photo. How did it happen? This also explains: "night scene can film car streamlight track, not during the day" an important reason. ⚠️ here also mentioned a value called: safe shutter speed this is a 35mm lens, so when using it, what is the safe shutter speed? Shutter speed should be greater than 1/40s. Why is that speed? When the shutter speed is slower than "1/ lens Angle", such as 1/4s or 1/15s, the details are easily blurred because the camera is unstable in our hands. So that's what happens. So why not 1/35s? Take a look at your camera's shutter speedometer. This option is not available, so we'll go for the nearest 1/40s instead. 1.3 -- Sensitivity is a little easier to understand. Just break it down: sensitivity to light. The higher the sensitivity, the more sensitive the photo is in the dark environment, for example: 1/200s F4 ISO100 parameter combination is very dark, so how can make the photo brighter? 1/200s F4 ISO400 We increase the sensitivity, so that the final exposure of the photo to a normal state. Some students will say, WC this thing 666 ah, later night I can shoot 1/8000s of the decisive moment. However, there are some gains and some losses, not all things can be so good for us: we are more familiar with this thing, the mobile phone of a few years ago, when we use it at night, there will be a small snow flower on the screen, there will be a small moving spot, this thing is actually the picture quality loss of our photos to improve the sensitivity. It's not as simple as raising ISO without losing anything. What is the use of this feature? When the shutter speed and aperture can no longer move, we can properly sacrifice the quality to preserve the shooting effect. 1.4 -- The combination of the three exposure elements the combination of the three key elements of aperture, shutter and sensitivity mentioned above; Can help us complete a photo shoot, here I also give a point that other bloggers will not mention: what does "reciprocity rate" mean? These three parameters can be directly converted to each other, instead of relying on the camera's light meter for each adjustment. There is a limit to the range within which the "shutter speed" and "reciprocity rate" can be controlled: this reciprocity rate is only effective when your shutter speed is <1s and >1/1000s. Aperture: 1 1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 8 11 16 22 32…………………… Shutter speed: 1s 1/2s 1/4s 1/8s 1/15s 1/30s 1/60s 1/125s……………… Sensitivity: ISO100 ISO200 ISO400 ISO800 ISO1600 ……………… The three parameters given above are called "full mode parameters". We will also see f2.2 aperture, ISO125 and 1/13s shutter speed, but these are called "1/3 mode", not "full mode". So what's the use of this feature? When we adjust one of the parameters, we can use a combination of the other two parameters to keep the final exposure unchanged. The use of this method we come to several exercises: ISO100 F4 1/60s ➡️ ISO100 F8 shutter speed? 1/15sISO100 F8 1/125s ➡️ ISO400 F16 shutter speed? At 1/125s, we cannot measure the light here. For example, when the light environment is chaotic or there is no metering condition, this method can not only allow us to install X, but also complete the adjustment of parameters. Be sure to remember that aperture, shutter, and sensitivity are relatively independent, but also a combination, to slowly adapt to it. 1.5 -- ⚠️ White balance is also known by friends as color temperature. But it's the opposite of the color temperature: here's the same scene, shot with three different color temperatures; When we learned distillation in junior high school chemistry class, the teacher taught a knowledge point: the flame temperature of alcohol lamp is high and blue; The inner flame is cold and yellow so how can it be the opposite of the effect shown by our white balance numbers above? This is the biggest difference between "white balance" and "color temperature", they are opposite. Why is that? White balance, another way of thinking about it, is to make the color of a photo appear in the normal way: If the photo was taken with a yellow tungsten light, then we added blue to the scene to restore the scene to its normal color (3300K white balance). If the photo was taken with a cold white light, then we added yellow to the scene. This restores the scene to its normal color (white balance 7000K), but these values are not quite deterministic, and we can also manually adjust the color temperature according to the naked eye. However, in the early stage of photography, under the influence of the light environment, we could not judge what kind of white balance we should use to keep the color of the picture normal, so there was a very important way of thinking: "Find white", what is white in the picture? White paper, right? Well, let's just adjust the color temperature so that the white paper ends up white. With a few more attempts, you'll be able to adjust the photo and define the content of your photo. 1.6 -- Storage format selection < The photo storage option has two options, RAW and JPG. The two things that most of us are most familiar with are the JPEG format, because we can't open the preview on our computers and phones after shooting raw... . The use of this feature is so that we can adjust later and use it as part of the evidence: what does that mean? Before, I swept the street and caught a man taking a rest in the sun at the gate. This is what the camera preview looks like, because the light ratio is too high, we can't see my face and eyes, but when I get home, I highlight the RAW file, ok? I and big ye in between the lens, a long time to look at several seconds ………… It was not that he was resting with his eyes closed. And this is a high-motion image that JPEG doesn't give you: the two of them are, like, the same from the top down, but the size difference between them is in the inside, in what we add, so we can pull back dark and light details in post processing to get the image we want. This is also the difference between a single-digit JPG file and a two-digit or even three-digit RAW file containing data. So as I mentioned earlier, this is also a very important piece of evidence.