Chronic Non-Bacterial Prostatitis: Effective Medications and Essential Daily Care Tips

Recently, I encountered a middle-aged patient who, with a troubled expression, shared that he had been experiencing frequent and urgent urination accompanied by slight pain. Suspecting prostatitis, he underwent a series of tests, which confirmed that he was indeed suffering from chronic non-bacterial prostatitis, also known as chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). Despite trying multiple treatments, his discomfort persisted, leaving him uncertain about his next steps.

Today, I want to discuss medication options and daily care strategies for managing this condition.

Drug Therapy for Chronic Non-Bacterial Prostatitis

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

NSAIDs are commonly prescribed for CPPS to alleviate inflammation and pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Common NSAIDs include ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin. Under a doctor's guidance, patients can use these medications to reduce pain and inflammatory responses.

Alpha Receptor Blockers

These medications improve urinary flow and alleviate urinary symptoms by relaxing the smooth muscles of the prostate and bladder neck. Examples include tamsulosin, alfuzosin, and terazosin. Research indicates that alpha receptor blockers significantly reduce discomfort in patients.

Antidepressants and Anti-Anxiety Medications

Given the frequent psychological stress and anxiety associated with CPPS, antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications can be beneficial. Tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine help alleviate pain and improve mental health. Additionally, anti-anxiety drugs such as diazepam can reduce anxiety levels.

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors

These medications reduce prostate volume and improve urinary symptoms by inhibiting dihydrotestosterone synthesis. Common examples are finasteride and dutasteride, which are especially suitable for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Traditional Chinese Medicines

Herbal medicines, such as Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill, are also used to treat chronic non-bacterial prostatitis. These have anti-inflammatory and diuretic properties, helping alleviate symptoms.

Heat and Physical Therapy

Aside from medication, heat and physical therapy are effective adjunct treatments. Heat therapy promotes blood circulation and relieves pain. Physical therapies like massage, pelvic floor muscle exercises, and biofeedback have proven beneficial in reducing symptoms.

Daily Care for Chronic Non-Bacterial Prostatitis

Dietary Adjustment

Diet plays a crucial role in managing CPPS. It is advisable to consume more fresh vegetables, fruits, and foods rich in zinc and selenium, such as seafood and nuts. Avoid spicy and stimulating foods and beverages, which can irritate the prostate and bladder, exacerbating symptoms. Drinking plenty of water helps flush the urethra and reduce bacterial growth.

Moderate Exercise

Engaging in moderate exercise promotes blood circulation and helps reduce inflammation. Low-intensity aerobic activities, such as walking, jogging, and swimming, are excellent choices. However, avoid prolonged cycling or activities that put pressure on the perineum, as they may worsen symptoms.

Avoid Prolonged Sitting

Sitting for extended periods can compress the prostate and worsen symptoms. It is recommended to stand up and move around every hour. Using soft cushions or changing sitting positions can help reduce pressure for those who must sit for long periods.

Psychological Adjustment

CPPS can lead to depression due to recurrent symptoms. Communicating with family and friends or engaging in enjoyable activities can help alleviate stress. Learning relaxation techniques, maintaining good sleep patterns, and ensuring sufficient rest are essential. Practices like meditation, yoga, and deep breathing can reduce stress and improve mental well-being.

Maintaining Good Personal Hygiene

Keeping the perineum clean and dry is crucial to preventing infections and reducing discomfort. Daily cleaning of the external genitalia with mild, non-irritating products is advised. Wearing loose, breathable cotton underwear helps maintain hygiene and comfort.

Adjusting Sexual Activity

Men should adjust the frequency and style of sexual activity based on their condition. Moderate sexual activity can relieve congestion, but excessive or irregular sexual activity may worsen symptoms.

Treatment Recommendations

Regular Follow-Up Visits

Prostatitis is a chronic condition requiring long-term treatment. Regular follow-up visits allow for timely adjustments to the treatment plan based on the patient’s progress.

Avoid Self-Medicating

There are numerous medications available, but not all are suitable for every patient. Avoid self-medicating to prevent worsening the condition. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any new medication.

Personal Hygiene

Maintaining personal hygiene, changing underwear frequently, and avoiding bacterial infections are crucial.

Smoking Cessation and Alcohol Restriction

Both smoking and drinking negatively impact health. Harmful substances in tobacco can obstruct blood circulation, while alcohol can irritate the prostate and bladder, exacerbating inflammation. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake are beneficial for overall health and specifically for managing CPPS.