HIV/AIDS: Nigerian agency seeks improved reporting to end stigma

The National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA) has issued a compelling call for improved media reportage as a crucial step towards ending stigmatization and discrimination against Persons Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Nigeria. During a recent media tour of HIV facilities in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Toyin Aderibigbe, the Deputy Director of the Public Affairs and Protocol Unit at NACA, highlighted the pressing issue of "HIV fatigue" within the media and emphasized the urgency of addressing it in order to achieve the country's ambitious goal of ending AIDS by the year 2030.

Aderibigbe expressed deep concern about the persistent and widespread stigmatization that PLHIV face, which is largely underreported by the media. The purpose of the media tour was to provide journalists with a firsthand experience of interacting with patients and caregivers, allowing them to gain in-depth knowledge and understanding of HIV-related issues. Aderibigbe acknowledged the significant progress made in the country's HIV response over the years but stressed the continuing challenges posed by stigma and discrimination. She urged the media to play an active and effective role in the fight against HIV/AIDS, emphasizing the crucial need for accurate and compassionate reporting.

According to the 2018 Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey (NAIIS), an estimated 1.9 million individuals are currently living with HIV in Nigeria. Stigma and discrimination remain significant barriers to addressing the HIV epidemic, not only in Nigeria but also globally. Despite the existence of the HIV/AIDS (Anti-Discrimination) Act of 2014, which was enacted to protect the rights of PLHIV, individuals living with HIV still face stigma, hostility, and discrimination. They often encounter difficulties in securing gainful employment, may be subjected to forced resignation or retirement, receive poor-quality treatment, and face segregation in healthcare settings. Previous reports have shed light on the experiences of PLHIV, highlighting how the fear of stigma has deterred many from seeking proper medical care and support.

During the media tour, Ruth Bello, the coordinator of the Nasarawa State Agency for the Control of AIDS, reaffirmed the widespread impact of stigma and discrimination on PLHIV in the state and throughout the country. Bello emphasized the ongoing efforts of sensitization programs, conducted in collaboration with traditional and religious leaders, to combat stigmatization. In Nasarawa State, where the prevalence rate stands at approximately two percent, the goal is to reduce it to zero percent. Engaging traditional and religious leaders has proven to be an effective strategy in mitigating the impact of stigma on PLHIV in the state.

The power of the media in shaping public opinion and influencing societal attitudes cannot be overstated. By accurately and sensitively reporting on HIV-related issues, the media can play a pivotal role in challenging misconceptions, dispelling myths, and promoting understanding and empathy towards PLHIV. It is crucial for journalists to prioritize responsible journalism that not only informs the public but also helps reduce the stigma associated with HIV.

To achieve this, the media must adopt a human rights-based approach to reporting on HIV. This approach involves respecting the dignity and privacy of PLHIV, avoiding sensationalism, and focusing on accurate and evidence-based information. By highlighting stories of resilience, empowerment, and successful interventions, the media can contribute to changing public perception and fostering an environment of acceptance and support.

Additionally, media professionals should receive training and guidance on reporting on HIV-related issues. This would help them understand the complexities of HIV, including the medical, social, and psychological aspects, and enable them to provide accurate and contextually appropriate information to the public. Collaborations between media organizations and HIV advocacy groups can facilitate such training programs and ensure ongoing support and mentorship for journalists reporting on HIV/AIDS.

Moreover, media houses should establish internal guidelines and policies that promote responsible reporting on HIV. These guidelines could include protocols for interviewing PLHIV, ensuring confidentiality, and avoiding discriminatory language or portrayals. By adhering to these guidelines, media organizations can create a conducive environment for journalists to report on HIV-related issues in a sensitive and non-stigmatizing manner.

Lastly, partnerships between the media and organizations working in the HIV/AIDS sector should be strengthened. Joint initiatives can be undertaken to raise awareness, challenge stereotypes, and promote positive narratives about PLHIV. By collaborating with experts and advocates, journalists can access accurate information and diverse perspectives, leading to more nuanced and impactful reporting.

In conclusion, the media has a vital role to play in ending stigmatization and discrimination against PLHIV in Nigeria. By improving reportage on HIV-related issues, the media can contribute to the country's efforts to end AIDS by 2030. It is crucial for journalists to prioritize responsible journalism, adopt a human rights-based approach, receive appropriate training, and establish internal guidelines that promote accurate and non-stigmatizing reporting. Through collaboration and partnership with HIV advocacy groups, the media can help reshape public perception, challenge stereotypes, and create an inclusive society where PLHIV receive the support and understanding they deserve.