Language Learning For Children

How children's brain works to learn language?

Children's ability to learn and use language, compared to learning other things, has baffled scientists for decades!

Learning a language is something very important for a child. It is the way that they will communicate with others. Language learning process is done with many stages in the child's age. This process can take up to 6 years. For decades, scientists have been perplexed by children's ability to learn and use language in comparison to other skills.

Children's ability to learn and use language, as opposed to learning other things, has baffled scientists for decades. For example, most children at the age of three or four cannot tie their shoelaces or coat buttons, On the other hand, they can do things that are incomparably more complex: convert an idea into a series of sounds The same meaning, which someone else can pick up and understand. A child's journey from a single syllable in the first year to complete sentences at the age of four is fast Unusually. Knowing very well, those adults who are trying to master a second language, how exhausting, and achievable, If they are lucky, at a very slow pace.

The reason for this is likely, say neuroscientists at Georgetown University Medical Center, USA, in A joint study with others from Children's National Hospital, published in PNAS on September 7, 2020, is Babies and young children have super powerful brains of some sort. Whereas adults process most neurological tasks assigned to specific regions in one or the other of the two hemispheres Cerebral hemisphere Young children use the left and right hemispheres of the brain to do the same with language. Perhaps this is why children recover from a neurological injury more easily than adults. The study also showed that before they recovered, the language learning process was not affected by the injury.

Commenting on these important findings, Professor of Neurology at Georgetown University Elisa L. Newport: "Their study solves a mystery that has puzzled clinicians and neuroscientists for a long time." This is because traditional surveys have not been able to reveal the details of these phenomena. Now, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that is analyzed in a sophisticated and more complex way, Researchers come to this.

The analyzes presented in the study examined fMRI activation patterns of language activation maps in each hemisphere brainstem for 53 individuals divided into four age groups: 4-6, 7-9, 10-13 , and 18-29.

The researchers found that all four groups showed left-sided language activation. But most of the young children also showed significant activity in the corresponding right hemisphere regions. It was shown that in adults, the corresponding area in the right hemisphere was activated in different tasks completely. For example, during processing of voice-expressed emotions in young children, areas in both The cerebral hemispheres are involved in understanding the meaning of sentences as well as recognizing emotional impact.

According to Newport, brain networks that specify specific tasks begin in one hemisphere or the other during Childhood, but it is not completed until the child reaches about 10 or 11 years of age. The importance of this work, in addition to its therapeutic importance, is that it provides evidence of how to unify systems The cognitive and the neural networks that underlie it and their consolidation over time during development. It provides insight into the principles of cognitive systems development.

At the End of this story, we are still asking the question:

How children's brain works to learn language?

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