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Ansible

By M rajaPublished 3 years ago 4 min read

I. Ansible Configuration

A. Installation

Installing Ansible on a control node is relatively simple and straightforward. The process of installing Ansible will vary depending on the operating system that is being used.

Installing on Linux:

On most Linux distributions, Ansible can be installed using the package manager. For example, on Ubuntu or Debian, Ansible can be installed with the command "sudo apt-get install ansible"

Alternatively, you can also install Ansible by downloading the source code and running the command "python setup.py install"

Installing on Windows:

Ansible can be installed on Windows by using the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL)

Once WSL is installed, you can install Ansible by following the Linux installation process

Alternatively, you can also use Ansible in a Windows environment by using a virtual machine or Docker container

Installing on MacOS:

On MacOS, Ansible can be installed using the package manager Homebrew by running the command "brew install ansible"

Alternatively, you can also install Ansible by downloading the source code and running the command "python setup.py install"

After the installation process, you can verify that Ansible is installed and check the version by running the command "ansible --version".

It's worth noting that, depending on the modules you'll be using and the systems you are managing, you might need to install some additional dependencies and libraries.

In summary, Ansible installation process will vary depending on the Operating system, it can be installed using the package manager, by downloading the source code, or using virtual machines or Docker container. It's important to verify the installation and check the version after the installation process is done.

B. Inventory file

An inventory file is a simple text file that is used by Ansible to determine which managed nodes to connect to and what tasks to run on those nodes. The inventory file lists the managed nodes, along with their IP addresses or hostnames, and any additional information that is needed to connect to them.

The inventory file is located on the control node and it is used by Ansible to connect to the managed nodes using SSH. The default location of the inventory file is /etc/ansible/hosts, but it can be changed using the configuration file (ansible.cfg).

In summary, the inventory file is a simple text file that lists the managed nodes, along with their IP addresses or hostnames, and any additional information that is needed to connect to them, it is used by Ansible to connect to the managed nodes using SSH and it is written in a simple INI format. The inventory file can include variables for each node or group, and Ansible supports various inventory file types, and dynamic inventory.

C. Configuration file

The Ansible configuration file, typically named ansible.cfg, is a file that contains settings and options that control the behavior of Ansible. This file is located on the control node and it is used to set various options, such as the location of the inventory file, the user to connect as, and the private key to use for SSH connections.

The configuration file is in INI format and it contains sections, each section corresponds to a specific aspect of Ansible's behavior, such as defaults, inventory, and ssh_connection.

The defaults section allows you to set default values for various Ansible options, such as the remote user, the private key to use, and the become method.

The inventory section allows you to specify the location of the inventory file, and it can also be used to set options that affect how Ansible interacts with the inventory file.

The ssh_connection section allows you to set options related to SSH connections, such as the SSH private key to use, the SSH user, and the SSH timeout.

Ansible also supports an environment variable named ANSIBLE_CONFIG that can be used to specify the location of the configuration file, if it is not located in the default location.

It's worth mentioning that the configuration file is optional, and if not present, Ansible will use the default settings.

In summary, the Ansible configuration file, typically named ansible.cfg, is a file that contains settings and options that control the behavior of Ansible, it is located on the control node, it is in INI format and it contains sections like defaults, inventory, and ssh_connection. It allows to set various options, such as the location of the inventory file, the user to connect as, and the private key to use for SSH connections. It's optional and if not present, Ansible will use the default settings.

D. Setting up SSH

Setting up SSH is an important step in configuring Ansible, as it is the method used by Ansible to communicate with managed nodes. SSH, or Secure Shell, is a protocol that allows for secure and encrypted communication between two systems.

To set up SSH for use with Ansible, the following steps need to be taken:

Copy the public key to the managed nodes: On the control node, use the ssh-copy-id command to copy the public key to the managed nodes. This will allow the control node to connect to the managed nodes using the private key.

Test the SSH connection: On the control node, use the ssh command to test the connection to the managed nodes. This will ensure that the control node can connect to the managed nodes using the private key.

It's worth noting that SSH setup may vary depending on the platform you're using. For example, on Windows, you may need to install an SSH server and configure it accordingly.

In summary, setting up SSH is an important step in configuring Ansible, it involves generating an SSH key pair on the control node, copying the public key to the managed nodes, configuring the managed nodes to allow key-based authentication and disabling password-based authentication, and testing the SSH connection. This allows for secure and encrypted communication between the control node and the managed nodes, which is necessary for Ansible to work properly.

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M raja

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