HISTORY OF CRICKET

ORIGIN:-

The of origin “CRICKET” is not defined properly According to some PERSON’S this game was originated in fRANCE while majority of “GENTLEMAN” says that “CRICKET” was originated in ENGLAND.

ACCORDING TO “WISDOM” which is called “BIBLE OF CRICKET”. The “CRICKET” was mentioned for the first time in 1300 Ad. It is verified from the bat and ball which was found by the

“Almirah of “KING EDWARD”. The England local match was played between “cowboys🤠 vs shepheard” in England during 13th century.

In 1706 “William Gold” mentioned a cricket match in his poem. In England during the late 13th century a match was played between two teams “London vs Kent”.

In 1710 “Cambridge university” organised cricket matches after that “Oxford university” student’s played cricket.

The Golden Era Of Cricket begins from 1760. The first cricket club was formed in England 1760.

Francis cotes, The young cricketer,1768

which was known as “Hambledon Club” for the next twenty years until the formation of “Marylebone Cricket Club” (Mcc) and the opening of

Lord’s Famous Old Ground in 1787.

Mcc quickly became the sport’s premium club and the Custodian law of Cricket. After some time new laws were introduced in the latter part of the 18th Century. Including the three stumps and Leg Before Wickets(LBW).

The first recorded photo of the cricket match taken on 25 july 1857 by Roger Fenton

The 19th century Introduced two bowling actions: “UNDERARM BOWLING” and “OVERARM BOWLING”.

Organisation of the game at country level led to the creation of the country clubs, starting with Sussex in 1839.

After some years in December 1889, the eight leading country cub’s formed the official “County Championship”,but began in 1890.

After some decade’s in 1909 “Imperial Cricket Conference First Official Cricket Body was Established.

In the same year Cricket got recognized as an International Game.

After 17 years “England,Australia,South Africa,Westindies,New Zealand,India and Pakistan” became a member of the Imperial Cricket Club.

In 1956 was changed to “International Cricket Conference”(Icc).At the present this club was joined by-

Australia,England,Westindies,South Africa,Pakistan,Srilanka,India,Bangladesh,Afganistan,Netherland,Ireland,Zimbabwe,Kenya,Kepal,Holland,and Bermuda etc..

The most famous Player(Revolutionary player) Of Cricket was “W.G.GRACE”,who started his long and influential career in 1865.

The first English Cricket Team to your overseas,on board ship to North America,1859

The last two decades before the First World War have been called the “Golden Age Of Cricket’’. It is a nostalgic name prompted by the period some great players and memorable matches,

especially as organised competition at county and Test level developed.

“WORLD CRICKET IN THE 20th CENTURY”

Don Bradman of Australia hold a record Test Match Batting Average of 99.94

The inter-war years were dominated by Australia’s greatest Test batsman of all time. Test cricket continued to expand during the 20th century with the addition of the West Indies(1928) New Zealand(1930) and India(1932) before the Second World War and the Pakistan(1952),Sri lanka(1982),Zimbabwe(1992),Bangladesh(2000),

Ireland and Afghanistan(both 2018) in the post-war period. South Africa was banned from international cricket from 1970 to 1992 due to the part of the apartheid boycott.

“The Rise Of Limited Over Cricket”

Cricket entered a new age in the late 19th century when English countries introduced the limited overs variant. As it was sure to produce a result, limited overs cricket was lucrative and the number of matches increased.

The first one-day International match in cricket history played on 5th January,1971.

the first one-day International match was played between England vs Australia. Forty overs per innings were fixed for this match.

The First “World cup” match was played in England(1975) At Famous Cricket Ground Lord’s.

In this world cup match Westindies defeat Australia by 17 runs,during the final match and Westindies become first World champions.

“Laws and Gameplay”

In cricket, the rules of the games are specified in code called Laws of Cricket.

which has a global remit. There are 42 laws( always written as capital L). The earliest known version of the code was drafted in 1744 and since 1788,it has been owned and maintained by its custodian,the Marylebone Cricket Club(MCC) in London.

“Specification Of Sports”

*No Of Players in a team- (11+5)=16

*No of Umpires in a match- 3

*No of scorers in a match- 2

*Weight of ball- 156gm

*Circumference of ball- ‘8’ to ‘9

‘ *Length of bat- 38 inch (96.5)cm

*Breath of Wicket- 9 inch

*Widest part of bat- 10.8

*Breath of pitch on both side from central wicket- 4 feet-4inches

*Colour of ball- Red,pink for Test- White for ODI

*Time of change every innings- 10 min.

*Time to change the players- 2 min.

*Height of wicket from ground- 28 inches

*Radius of small circle- 27.4 cm

*Radius of boundary- 68.58(may be 75–78)

“A Typical Cricket Field”

“Playing Area”

Cricket is a bat and ball game played on a cricket field between two teams of eleven player’s each.The field is generally circular but today some field built Oval in shape and the edge of the playing area marked by boundary.

“Match Structure Or Closure”

In the approximately centre of the field is a rectangular pitch on which a wooden target called a wicket is sited at each end mounted on two heavy wooden bail’s.

The pitch is generally three types(Dusty,greenish,bouncy)flat surface(3.0 m) wide, with very short grass.

Before the start of today’s match begins, the two team captains come to ground and toss a coin to decide which team bats first and takes the first inning’s.

In each innings.one team bats,attempting to score runs,while the other team bowls and fields the ball,attempting to restrict the scoring and trying to take (10)wickets

When the first innings ends, the team changes rolls, there can be two or four innings depending upon the type of match.

A match with four innings is played over four or five days;a match with two innings is usually completed in a single day.

During an innings,all eleven players of the fielding team take the field,but only two opposite side players of the batting team are on the field at the given time.

The objective of each team is to score more runs as compared to the opposite team,but in some form of cricket. It is very necessary to bundle out the opposition batters in their final innings in order to win the match,otherwise the match is drawn.

If the One-day match only has a single innings per side,then usually a selected overs applied to each innings.

In some cases “Super over ‘’ are applied- when the first batting team makes some runs in 50 0ver’s(for eg; 301/9) and the opposite side chase exactly the same runs in 50 overs(for eg;301/8)then the super over is applied. which team wins super over “win” this match otherwise loses the match.

“Clothing And Equipment”

English cricketer W.G Grace “taking guard” in 1883.his pad’s and bat are very similar to those used today.

The wicket-keeper(a specialised fielder behind the batsman) and the batsman wear hard protective gear because the bowler bowls a very hard delivery at a speed of more than 140–145 kmph(90 mph) and protects our body.

Protective clothes including pads (generally designed to protect knee and shins), batting gloves or wicket-keeper gloves for the hands,build good quality helmets for batsman head.Some batsmen wear additional pads inside their shirts and trousers.

Subject to certain variation, on -field clothes generally include a collared shirt and trousers or woollen pullover (if required). The clothes are all white in Test matches and first-class cricket.

“Players Roles”

Basic game play: bowler to batter- During the play, thirteen players and two umpires are on the field. Two of the players are batters and the rest are fielding teams. The other nine players in the batting team rest inside the Pavillion.

“PHOTOS”

Glenn McGrath of Australia holds the record for most wicket’s in the cricket world.

Sachin Tendulkar is the only player to have scored one hundred international centuries.

Icc member nations. The (highest level) Test playing nations are shown in red; the associate member nations are shown in orange, with those with ODI status in a darker shade; suspended or former members are shown in dark grey.

“Tom wills” cricketer and co-founder of Australian football.

A Test match between South Africa and England in January 2005. The men wearing black trousers are the umpires. Teams in Test cricket, first-class cricket and club cricket wear traditional white uniforms and use red cricket balls.

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