An Overview of Six Kalimas Key Declarations of Islamic Faith
Six Kalimas in Islam
The Six Kalimas, or statements, are central to the creed and practice of Islam. These concise yet profound expressions encapsulate the core tenets of Islamic belief, recited by Muslims across the world.
Each Kalima holds deep spiritual meaning, representing fundamental aspects of faith and reflecting a Muslim’s devotion to Allah. Below is a breakdown of the Six Kalimas and their theological significance.
First Kalima: Tayyibah (The Word of Purity)
The first Kalima is known as Tayyibah, which translates to "pure" or "wholesome." It is the foundational proclamation of Islam, affirming the oneness of Allah and the finality of the Prophethood of Muhammad (peace be upon him):
Laa ilaaha illallah, Muhammadur rasoolullah
Translation
There is no deity but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
This Kalima forms the essence of Islamic faith, emphasizing the absolute monotheism (Tawhid) of Allah and the unique position of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as His final messenger.
Second Kalima: Shahadah (The Word of Testimony)
The Second Kalima Shahadah is a formal declaration of faith, often recited by those converting to Islam. It expresses belief in the unity of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH):
Ash-hadu alla ilaha illallahu wahdahu laa shareekalahu, wa ash-hadu anna Muhammadan abduhoo wa rasooluhu
Translation
I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah, He is One and has no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.
This Kalima underscores the essential testimony that distinguishes a believer, affirming their faith in Allah's oneness and the Prophethood of Muhammad.
Third Kalima: Tamjeed (The Word of Glorification)
Tamjeed means glorification or praise of Allah. This Third Kalima reflects Allah’s greatness and perfection, proclaiming His transcendence over all creation:
Subhaanallaahi wal hamdu lillaahi wa laa ilaaha illallaahu wallaahu akbar, wa laa hawla wa laa quwwata illaa billaahil ‘aliyyil ‘azeem
Translation
Glory be to Allah, and all praise is due to Allah; there is no deity but Allah, and Allah is the Greatest. There is no power and no strength except with Allah, the Most High, and the Most Great.
This Kalima highlights the belief that all praise is due to Allah, who alone deserves worship and whose power and will govern the universe.
Fourth Kalima: Tawheed (The Word of Oneness)
Tawheed refers to the oneness of Allah, and this Fourth Kalima reinforces His absolute supremacy and the rejection of any partners or equals:
Laa ilaaha illallahu wahdahu laa shareekalahu, lahul mulku wa lahul hamdu yuhyi wa yumeetu wa huwa hayyun laa yamootu, abadan abada, zul jalaali wal ikraam, biyadihil khayr, wa huwa ‘alaa kulli shay’in qadeer
Translation
There is no deity but Allah, He is one and has no partner. To Him belongs the kingdom, and for Him is all praise. He gives life and causes death, and He is Ever-Living, without death, forever and ever. He is the Possessor of Majesty and Honor. In His hand is all good, and He has power over everything."
This Kalima affirms Allah’s eternal existence, sovereignty, and control over life and death, emphasizing that all good is in His hands.
Fifth Kalima: Astaghfar (The Word of Seeking Forgiveness)
Fifth Kalima Astaghfar is the act of seeking forgiveness from Allah. This Kalima expresses a believer's repentance for sins and their hope in Allah's mercy:
Astaghfirullaaha rabbi min kulli dhambin adhnabtuhu ‘amdan aw khataa’an sirran aw ‘alaaniyatan, wa atoobu ilayhi minadh dhambilladhi a’lamu wa minadh dhambilladhi laa a’lamu, innaka anta ‘allaamul ghuyoobi wasattaarul ‘uyoobi waghaf-faarudh dhunoobi wa laa hawla wa laa quwwata illaa billaahil ‘aliyyil ‘azeem
Translation
I seek forgiveness from Allah, my Lord, from every sin I committed intentionally or unintentionally, secretly or openly. I turn to Him in repentance from the sins I am aware of and those I am not aware of. Indeed, you are the Knower of the unseen, the Concealer of faults, and the Forgiver of sins. There is no power and no strength except with Allah, the Most High, and the Most Great.
This Kalima captures the essence of repentance in Islam, reminding Muslims of the importance of seeking Allah’s forgiveness for their mistakes.
Sixth Kalima: Radd Kufr (The Word of Rejecting Disbelief)
The Sixth Kalima is a renunciation of disbelief and polytheism, reaffirming the Muslim’s devotion to Islamic monotheism and distancing from any form of shirk:
Allaahumma inni a’oodhu bika min an ushrika bika shay’an wa ana a’lamu bihi, wa astaghfiruka limaa laa a’lamu bihi. Tubtu ‘anhu wa tabarra’tu minal kufri wash-shirki wal kidbi wal ghibati wal bid’ati wan-nammeemati wal fawaahishi wal buhtaani wal ma’aasi kullihaa, wa aslamtu wa aqoolu laa ilaaha illallahu Muhammadu rasoolullah.
Translation
O Allah! I seek refuge in you from associating anything with you knowingly, and I seek your forgiveness for what I do not know. I repent from it and declare myself free from disbelief, polytheism, lying, backbiting, innovation, slander, immorality, and all disobedience. I have submitted and declare: There is no deity but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.
This Kalima is a powerful reaffirmation of faith, rejecting disbelief and all forms of disobedience, while affirming the Muslim’s commitment to Islamic principles.
Conclusion of Six Kalimas
The Six Kalimas are essential declarations that guide a Muslim's faith, worship, and conduct. These statements not only summarize core beliefs but also serve as daily reminders for believers to maintain their devotion to Allah and align their lives with His teachings and the example of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
Through the regular recitation of these Kalimas, Muslims strive to purify their hearts, repent for their shortcomings, and reaffirm their submission to the oneness of Allah.
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