7 countries in the world that have new capitals
new capitals
Seven Countries That Moved Their Capitals
The decision to relocate a nation's capital is a monumental undertaking, often driven by political, economic, or strategic considerations. Some countries have opted for a fresh start, while others sought to address overpopulation or infrastructural challenges. Here's a look at seven countries that have made the bold move to establish new capitals.
1. Kazakhstan: From Almaty to Nur-Sultan (Astana)
Kazakhstan, the world's largest landlocked country, made a significant shift in 1997 when it moved its capital from Almaty, a city prone to earthquakes, to the newly constructed Astana (now Nur-Sultan). The move was intended to symbolize the country's independence from the Soviet Union and to create a modern, centrally located capital. Nur-Sultan has since emerged as a striking metropolis, showcasing ambitious architecture and a burgeoning economy.
2. Myanmar: From Yangon to Naypyidaw
In 2005, Myanmar's military junta relocated the capital from Yangon, a bustling commercial hub, to the remote and planned city of Naypyidaw. The reasons for this move remain somewhat shrouded in mystery, but it is believed to be linked to security concerns and a desire to distance the government from the populace. Naypyidaw is characterized by its vast, empty spaces and a surreal atmosphere, often referred to as a "ghost city."
3. Tanzania: From Dar es Salaam to Dodoma
Tanzania initiated the process of moving its capital from the coastal city of Dar es Salaam to the central inland town of Dodoma in the 1970s. The aim was to decentralize power and development, as well as to reduce the strain on Dar es Salaam's infrastructure. While Dodoma has grown in importance, the transition has been gradual, and Dar es Salaam remains the de facto economic and administrative center.
4. Nigeria: From Lagos to Abuja
Nigeria relocated its capital from the bustling coastal city of Lagos to the newly constructed Abuja in 1991. The decision was motivated by the need to address overcrowding, traffic congestion, and environmental challenges in Lagos. Abuja, situated in the geographic center of the country, was envisioned as a symbol of unity and a more equitable distribution of power.
5. Brazil: From Rio de Janeiro to Brasília
One of the most iconic examples of capital relocation, Brazil moved its capital from the vibrant coastal city of Rio de Janeiro to the purpose-built inland city of Brasília in 1960. The move was part of a broader development plan aimed at integrating the vast interior of the country. Brasília, designed by renowned architect Oscar Niemeyer, is a modernist masterpiece and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
6. Pakistan: From Karachi to Islamabad
Pakistan transferred its capital from Karachi to Islamabad in 1959. The decision was driven by the need for a more centrally located capital and to reduce the dominance of Karachi, which had been the capital of the former province of Sindh. Islamabad was carefully planned as a modern city, incorporating elements of Islamic architecture.
7. Egypt: Cairo to New Administrative Capital
Egypt is currently undertaking a massive project to build a new administrative capital, located about 45 kilometers east of Cairo. The government aims to alleviate the pressure on Cairo, which suffers from severe overcrowding and pollution. The new capital is envisioned as a smart city with state-of-the-art infrastructure and a focus on sustainable development. While the project is ambitious, it has also faced criticism for its high cost and potential social implications.
These seven examples highlight the diverse motivations behind capital relocation. From strategic geopolitical considerations to addressing urban challenges, the decision to move a nation's capital is a complex one with far-reaching consequences.
Would you like to learn more about a specific capital relocation or explore the potential impacts of such a move?
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Moharif Yulianto
a freelance writer and thesis preparation in his country, youtube content creator, facebook
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