The sixth ocean on earth

our planet has five oceans the Pacific

Atlantic Indian southern and Arctic not

counting bil ocean but it seems there's

a 61 out there too it's just that you

can't see it scientists have found

evidence of large amounts of water

hidden in the transition zone that's the

boundary layer that separates the upper

and lower mantle of our planet that

boundary goes hundreds of miles deep

down below the surface natural diamonds

usually form in the mantle but at depths

of up to 155 Mi some of them are very

rare they may come from deeper depths

that was the case with this fascinating

Diamond that formed 410 Mi below the

surface the gem was big enough for

scientist to study it and determine what

it was made of they were surprised when

the composition of this very rare

Diamond showed that it was formed in

pretty watery conditions because of that

such a diamond wouldn't be worth much in

jewelry stores but it was priceless in

the lab so could this mean there's an

ocean under the surface of our planet it

would definitely get us closer to the

idea Jules Vern had about this whole

magical secret world inside Earth

including the ocean but that's not

exactly the case the water is there true

but it's not like you can enjoy the view

watching waves splashing around like on

the surface of our planet the water is

actually stored within the minerals

that's why this area is so wet let's now

move to Africa to keep up with the story

or to be more specific to a spot called

the afar region it's part of Ethiopia

and a place where three tectonic plates

meet tectonic plates are large pieces of

our planet's crust that slowly move

these movements cause earthquakes and

produce volcanoes mountains deep

underwater valleys we call trenches and

so on and the afar Valley is where the

Arabian Somali and Nubian plates meet

together they form an intersection in

the shape of a y why let me tell you

these plates are moving all the time the

Somali plate is moving Southeast toward

the Australian and Indian plates the

Arabian plate is moving North getting

closer to the Eurasian plate at some

point it will close the Persian Gulf

this movement of plates has created

something we call the Great Rift Valley

considering there are you know all these

cool Rifts the Aiden Ridge to the east

the Red Sea Rift to the West the Oculus

Rift and the East African Rift to the

South but the East African Rift is

something we want to focus on because

this one could be the key to this

potential sixth ocean but this time on

the surface a continental Rift is a spot

where two tectonic plates that form a

single continent start to separate here

it's the Somali and Nubian plate

together they're parts that make up

Africa if they keep moving in separate

directions this currently Continental

Rift may become what we call an oceanic

spreading Ridge in other words when the

plates are far enough apart from each

other there will be an enormous crack

between them this way magma will freely

flow up from beneath them it'll be cool

and eventually start creating a new

ocean floor Africa will be split into

two parts and there will be a new ocean

flowing between what will turn into two

many continents nope it's not time to

get your swim trunks and sunscreen yet

even if the Somali and Arabian plates do

move far enough to form an oceanic

spreading Ridge it'll take millions of

years before this happens so I guess

it's more interesting to stick to

exploring this six ocean below the

Earth's surface for now the idea of

subsurface oceans goes beyond the

borders of our planet it's possible many

moons and planets out there have them

too our home planet is the only one we

know about with consistent bodies of

liquid water on the surface true in our

solar system we circle around the Sun in

something called the habitable zone the

temperature and atmospheric pressure

within this Zone allow water to remain

in liquid form all the time but a couple

of moons in our solar system could also

contain significant amounts of water

under their surface entius one of

Saturn's moons is the first one entius

is a small Frozen ball seven times

smaller in diameter than our moon but

it's the sixth biggest moon of Saturn

nearly a decade ago a spacecraft found

evidence that there was a large ocean

under its surface it found and sampled

water from the eruptions that resembled

Geyers a geyser is a rare type of hot

spring that erupts and sends Jets of

steam and water into the air you know

like Old Faithful and Yellowstone well

this water was erupting through fissures

in the ice at the South Pole of the Moon

that means there might be a liquid ocean

under the thick layers of ice the ocean

There is almost nothing like ours the

ocean on earth is relatively shallow on

average 2.2 Mi deep and it covers 3/4 of

our planet surface it gets colder the

closer you come to the seafloor and is

warmer if you stay close to the surface

because because of the sun's rays but

the subsurface ocean on Inus is at least

18 M deep it's cooler at the top because

that part is near the ice shell and

warmer at the bottom because of the heat

coming from the moon's core but both our

Ocean and the ocean on Inus are salty

incus is one of the few places in our

solar system that has liquid water which

makes it an interesting spot to search

for signs of Life another one is Europa

one of Jupiter's moons scientists think

similar eruptions of water could be

happening there knowing there are such

geysers there tells us these moons have

their own source of energy maybe the

energy that makes the water erupt comes

from gravity or radiation the same

energy could keep a large body of liquid

water under the ice it could even

support some forms of life there are

thousands of planets beyond our solar

system that orbit other Stars some are

even in the habitable zone over a

quarter of the ones that we know about

could have liquid water but the majority

of them probably have oceans under their

surface like in cetus and Europa Pluto

might be on this list too since it's

possible it hides a liquid ocean under

its thick Frozen shell this subsurface

ocean likely formed long after the dwarf

planet did after the heat coming from

radioactive elements in Pluto's core

melted some of its eyes there's also

something called water worlds those are

moons or planets with global oceans that

are more common than we thought I mean

some call Earth a water world too 71% of

its surface is water after all and when

you look at our home planet from space

you mostly get those blue marble

pictures when exploring other planets

especially those outside of our solar

system researchers often go with a

policy of follow the water after all

water is the main element we know that's

necessary for supporting life and when

there's a water world that's close to

its parent star scientists assume it

must have formed way farther and then

moved closer once its orbit shrank the

composition of the planet was set when

it was in a colder orbit or in other

words when it made a wider circle around

its star we call the process of orbital

shrinking a migration and and if water

worlds are really that common it can be

proof that migration really happens

exoplanets are all those planets that

orbit around other stars not our sun

some exoplanets may have oceans that are

way deeper than any of those in our

solar system hundreds or even thousands

of miles deep our Mariana Trench is

scary and it's not even 7 miles deep and

those exoplanet oceans are wow almost

bottomless

that's it for today so hey if you

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